- unprecedented; never seen before
- (of a path etc) narrow; (of a living space etc) cramped; (of a way of thinking, a definition etc) narrow; limited
- to resist; to defy; to oppose
- lateral side; side; aspect; profile
- to explain; to illustrate; to indicate; to show; to prove; explanation; directions; caption; CL:個|个[ge4]
- seldom; rare; hard to come by
- to stand back; to go back (in time); to yield; to make concessions
- to inspect; to examine
- zealotry; fanatical; feverish
- 益 yì: 益 yi4: benefit; profit; advantage; beneficial; to increase; to add; all the more益 Yì: 益 Yi4: surname Yi
- each; respective; apiece
- tide; current; trend
- there; that place
- to pay; to expend; to invest (energy or time)
- twofold; double
- local
- (prefix indicating ordinal number, as in 第六[di4 liu4] "sixth"); (literary) grades in which successful candidates in the imperial examinations were placed; (old) residence of a high official; (literary) but; however; (literary) only; just
- first; first time; once; (math.) linear (of degree one)
- must not; cannot; to not allow; cannot tolerate
- to excavate; to explore; (fig.) to unearth; to tap into
- at the present time; currently
- not yet; not so far
- cause; reason; karma; fate; predestined affinity; margin; hem; edge; along
- international
- to contribute; to dedicate; to devote; contribution; CL:個|个[ge4]
- (included) in it; among them
- each country; every country; various countries
- dense; thick (fog, clouds etc); to have a strong interest in; deep; fully saturated (color)
- amount; quantity; quantitative; (math.) scalar quantity
- (bound form) to compare; (literary) to dispute; compared to; (before an adjective) relatively; comparatively; rather; also pr. [jiao3]
- to select; to choose; to decide on
- value system; personal or cultural values
- a person's preferences; tastes (in food); flavor
- 应 yīng: 应 ying1: to agree (to do sth); should; ought to; must; (legal) shall应 yìng: 应 ying4: to answer; to respond; to comply with; to deal or cope with应 Yīng: 应 Ying1: surname Ying; Taiwan pr. [Ying4]
- normal; regular
- to look upon; to regard
- foreign country; alien land
- to make into; to change into; -ization; to ... -ize; to transform; abbr. for 化學|化学[hua4 xue2]
- to lump different matters together (idiom)
- to equate; equal to
- (literary, or bound form) to look at