- preface; foreword; introduction; preamble; earlier remarks; earlier words; (literary) words of the ancient thinkers
- fourteen; 14
- 年 nián: 年 nian2: year; CL:個|个[ge4]年 Nián: 年 Nian2: surname Nian年 nián: 年 nian2: grain; harvest (old)
- to be in the process of (doing sth); to be currently ...-ing
- to count down; countdown
- to follow; from; because of; due to; by; via; through; (before a noun and a verb) it is for ... to ...
- 看 kàn: 看 kan4: to see; to look at; to read; to watch; to visit; to call on; to consider; to regard as; to look after; to treat (a patient or illness); to depend on; to feel (that); (after a verb) to give it a try; to watch out for看 kān: 看 kan1: to look after; to take care of; to watch; to guard
- to exist; to be alive; (of sb or sth) to be (located) at; (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress)
- front; forward; ahead; first; top (followed by a number); future; ago; before; BC (e.g. 前293年); former; formerly
- to begin; beginning; to start; initial; CL:個|个[ge4]
- 发 fā: 发 fa1: to send out; to show (one's feeling); to issue; to develop; to make a bundle of money; classifier for gunshots (rounds)发 fà: 发 fa4: hair; Taiwan pr. [fa3]
- brake
- 的 dí: 的 di2: really and truly的 dì: 的 di4: (bound form) bull's-eye; target的 de: 的 de5: of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis); (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的[pi2 ge2 de5] "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的|跑堂儿的[pao3 tang2 r5 de5] "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的[xin1 de5] "new one"); also pr. [di4] or [di5] in poetry and songs的 dī: 的 di1: a taxi; a cab (abbr. for 的士[di1 shi4])
- time; length of time; moment; period
- to have; there is; (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意[you3 yi4] intentional)
- many; a lot of; much
- (idiom) world-shaking
- science; scientific knowledge; scientific; rational; CL:門|门[men2],個|个[ge4],種|种[zhong3]
- to notice; to become aware of; to discover; to find; to detect; a discovery
- 和 hé: 和 he2: (joining two nouns) and; together with; with (Taiwan pr. [han4]); (math.) sum; to make peace; (sports) to draw; to tie; (bound form) harmonious; (bound form) Japan; Japanese和 Hé: 和 He2: surname He和 hè: 和 he4: to compose a poem in reply (to sb's poem) using the same rhyme sequence; to join in the singing; to chime in with others和 hú: 和 hu2: to complete a set in mahjong or playing cards和 húo: 和 huo2: to combine a powdery substance (flour, plaster etc) with water; Taiwan pr. [huo4]和 hùo: 和 huo4: to mix (ingredients) together; to blend; classifier for rinses of clothes; classifier for boilings of medicinal herbs
- technology; technique; skill; CL:門|门[men2],種|种[zhong3],項|项[xiang4]
- to withdraw the mandate of heaven (and transition to a new dynasty) (original meaning); revolution; revolutionary; to revolt (against sb or sth); to revolutionize (sth); (separable verb sometimes used in the pattern 革noun的命); CL:次[ci4]
- still; as before; yet
- unheard of; an extremely rare and unprecedented event
- and; as well as; and so; but (not); yet (not); (indicates causal relation); (indicates change of state); (indicates contrast)
- (idiom) up to the present; even now; now (in contrast with the past); at this late hour
- is precisely
- we; us; ourselves; our
- once more; once again; one more time
- to inspect; to examine
- 它 tā: 它 ta1: it它 tā: 它 ta1: it (pronoun for an animal)
- 了 liǎo: 了 liao3: to finish; (used with 得[de2] or 不[bu4] after a verb to express (im)possibility, as in 忘不了[wang4 bu5 liao3] "cannot forget"); (literary) (usually followed by a negative such as 無|无[wu2] or 不[bu4]) completely (not); entirely (not); (not) in the least了 le: 了 le5: (completed action marker); (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now); (modal particle intensifying preceding clause)了 liǎo: 了 liao3: (of eyes) bright; clear-sighted; to understand clearly
- 当 dāng: 当 dang1: (onom.) dong; ding dong (bell)当 dāng: 当 dang1: to be; to act as; manage; withstand; when; during; ought; should; match equally; equal; same; obstruct; just at (a time or place); on the spot; right; just at当 dàng: 当 dang4: at or in the very same...; suitable; adequate; fitting; proper; to replace; to regard as; to think; to pawn; (coll.) to fail (a student)
- I; me; my
- to put one's hand to it; to start out on a task; to set out
- to write; to compose
- outer space
- to travel around; to roam; (mobile telephony) roaming
- 时 Shí: 时 Shi2: surname Shi时 shí: 时 shi2: o'clock; time; when; hour; season; period
- 当时 dàng shí: 当时 dang4 shi2: immediately; right then当时 dāng shí: 当时 dang1 shi2: then; at that time
- to use; to make use of; to employ; (coverb) with; using; to need; to have to (usu. used in the negative or in questions); usefulness; utility; (bound form) expense; outlay; (courteous) to eat; to drink; (literary) hence; therefore
- to be (followed by substantives only); correct; right; true; (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well; (adverb for emphatic assertion)
- typewriter
- recently; soon; nearest
- who; also pr. [shui2]
- 见 jiàn: 见 jian4: to see; to meet; to appear (to be sth); to interview; opinion; view见 xiàn: 见 xian4: to appear; also written 現|现[xian4]
- 过 guo: 过 guo5: (experienced action marker)过 gùo: 过 guo4: to cross; to go over; to pass (time); to celebrate (a holiday); to live; to get along; excessively; too-过 Gūo: 过 Guo1: surname Guo
- 这 zhèi: 这 zhei4: (coll.) this这 zhè: 这 zhe4: (pronoun) this; these; (bound form) this; the (followed by a noun); (bound form) this; these (followed by a classifier) (in this sense, commonly pr. [zhei4], esp. in Beijing)