- measure; step; CL:個|个[ge4]
- half; semi-; incomplete; (after a number) and a half
- practiced; proficient; skilled; skillful
- vehicle owner
- maintenance (of equipment); to protect and maintain
- large; large-scale
- all around; omnidirectional; complete; holistic; comprehensive
- to unify; to integrate; unified; integrated
- to rely on; to depend on; by means of; thanks to; sth that one relies on
- each; respective; apiece
- to stand; to have a footing; to be established; to base oneself on
- lit. to proclaim oneself hegemon; to take a leading role; to build a personal fiefdom
- former days; in the past
- only if (..., or otherwise, ...); only when; only in the case that; unless
- unpredictable; changeable
- full of; brimming with; very full; permeated
- (literary) to give; to accord; to render
- Japan
- to overtake
- to include on a list
- an association; a society; CL:個|个[ge4],家[jia1]
- to foreordain; to be bound to; to be destined to; to be doomed to; inevitably
- major event; major political event (war or change of regime); major social event (wedding or funeral); (do sth) in a big way; CL:件[jian4],樁|桩[zhuang1]
- apparently; it seems that
- system; organization
- to start off before the others; to precede; to proceed in advance
- carried within a vehicle; onboard
- to install; installation; equipment; system; unit; device
- reform; CL:次[ci4],種|种[zhong3],項|项[xiang4]; to reform
- 原 yuán: 原 yuan2: former; original; primary; raw; level; cause; source原 Yuán: 原 Yuan2: surname Yuan; (Japanese surname) Hara
- (bound form) (of women) gentle; kind; lovely; admirable; (used in given names); Taiwan pr. [shu2]
- 郎 láng: 郎 lang2: (arch.) minister; official; noun prefix denoting function or status; a youth郎 Láng: 郎 Lang2: surname Lang
- to conduct; to command; to direct; conductor (of an orchestra); CL:個|个[ge4]
- initial letters
- idea; opinion; meaning; wish; desire; interest; fun; token of appreciation, affection etc; CL:個|个[ge4]; to give as a small token; to do sth as a gesture of goodwill etc
- background; backdrop; context; (fig.) powerful backer