- to operate jointly; a joint venture; cooperative
- to control; to curb; to restrict; to impede; to pin down (enemy troops)
- British person; British people
- to possess; to have; equipped with; able to fulfill (conditions or requirements)
- hardworking and enduring hardships (idiom)
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs; foreign office; Dept. of State
- to entertain (for dinner); to invite to dinner
- guests; visitors
- (bound form) at first; initially; (bound form) first; early; (bound form) (in lunar calendar dates, before numerals 1–10) days 1 to 10 of a month, as in 初三[chu1 san1] "the third"
- twenty; 20
- crown prince
- study (room)
- the Qianlong era; Qianlong Emperor (1711–1799), sixth Qing emperor, princely title 寶親王|宝亲王[Bao3 Qin1 wang2], personal name 弘曆|弘历[Hong2 li4], reigned 1735–1799
- to be on the throne; to reign; to hold a particular leadership position
- mirror; lens
- 构 gòu: 构 gou4: to reach by stretching构 gòu: 构 gou4: to construct; to form; to make up; to compose; literary composition; paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera)
- to shine upon; to reflect
- one's nature; temperament
- (of a person) moral character; integrity; (of a work of art or literature) style; character; quality; (music) fret (on a stringed instrument)
- selfless; unselfish; disinterested; altruistic
- 覆 fù: 覆 fu4: to reply to a letter覆 fù: 覆 fu4: to cover; to overflow; to overturn; to capsize
- with this; thereby; thus; because of this
- self-restraint; discipline; selflessness
- 清明 qīng míng: 清明 qing1 ming2: clear and bright; sober and calm; (of a government or administration) well ordered清明 Qīng míng: 清明 Qing1 ming2: Qingming or Pure Brightness, 5th of the 24 solar terms 二十四節氣|二十四节气[er4 shi2 si4 jie2 qi5] 5th-19th April; Pure Brightness Festival or Tomb Sweeping Day (in early April)
- to invade; to encroach; to infringe; to approach
- Empress Dowager Cixi or Ts'u Hsi (reigned 1861-1908)
- to repair; to renovate
- sensitive; susceptible
- 靖 Jìng: 靖 Jing4: surname Jing靖 jìng: 靖 jing4: (bound form) peaceful; (bound form) to pacify; to suppress
- to be jealous of; fear; dread; scruple; to avoid or abstain from; to quit; to give up sth
- to complete a project
- as soon as; once (an action has been completed)
- to lessen; to decrease; to reduce; to lower
- 禅 chán: 禅 chan2: dhyana (Sanskrit); Zen; meditation (Buddhism)禅 shàn: 禅 shan4: to abdicate
- meaning; implication; flavor; overtone; to mean; to imply; (Tw) to get a sense of
- prince; son of a king
- to stand aloof; to be detached from; to transcend worldliness; untrammeled; unconventional
- tranquil; tranquility; serenity
- Beihai Park, in Beijing to the northwest of the Forbidden City