- banking; finance; financial
- the Qin (221-207 BC) and Han (206 BC-220 AD) dynasties
- since (used after a specified time or event)
- century
- Zeng Guofan (1811-1872), Qing dynasty politician and military man
- Li Hung-chang or Li Hongzhang (1823-1901), Qing dynasty general, politician and diplomat
- Zuo Zongtang (1812-1885), Chinese administrator and military leader
- representative; delegate; CL:位[wei4],個|个[ge4],名[ming2]; to represent; to stand for; on behalf of; in the name of
- the foreign learning or Westernizing faction in the late Qing
- to lift; to raise (a lid etc); (of a storm) to surge; to stir up (waves etc); (fig.) to trigger; set off (a wave of popularity, a controversy etc)
- Self-Strengthening Movement (period of reforms in China c 1861-1894), also named 自強運動|自强运动
- to attach importance to sth; to value
- industry and commerce
- heavy industry
- 商 Shāng: 商 Shang1: Shang Dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC); surname Shang商 shāng: 商 shang1: commerce; merchant; dealer; to consult; 2nd note in pentatonic scale; quotient (as in 智商[zhi4 shang1], intelligence quotient)
- rotten; decayed; decadent; degenerate
- form of government
- to become rich
- way; route; road
- 采 cǎi: 采 cai3: to pick; to pluck; to collect; to select; to choose; to gather采 cǎi: 采 cai3: color; complexion; looks采 cài: 采 cai4: used in 采邑[cai4 yi4] and 采地[cai4 di4]
- minerals
- to make; to build; to manufacture; to invent; to fabricate; to go to; party (in a lawsuit or legal agreement); crop; classifier for crops
- 兴 Xīng: 兴 Xing1: surname Xing兴 xìng: 兴 xing4: feeling or desire to do sth; interest in sth; excitement兴 xīng: 兴 xing1: to rise; to flourish; to become popular; to start; to encourage; to get up; (often used in the negative) to permit or allow (dialect); maybe (dialect)
- commercial affairs; commercial; commerce; business
- 通 tòng: 通 tong4: classifier for an activity, taken in its entirety (tirade of abuse, stint of music playing, bout of drinking etc)通 tōng: 通 tong1: to go through; to know well; (suffix) expert; to connect; to communicate; open; to clear; classifier for letters, telegrams, phone calls etc
- currency; monetary; money
- ordinary; commonplace; mundane; temporal; of the material world (as opposed to supernatural or immortal levels); every; all; whatever; altogether; gist; outline; note of Chinese musical scale
- to benefit both the country and the people
- to do one's utmost
- to engage in (business etc); to run; to operate
- to promote; to advocate
- letter; mail; CL:封[feng1]; to trust; to believe; to profess faith in; truthful; confidence; trust; at will; at random
- order (from above)
- to take care of (a matter); to deal with (a task, procedure etc); to organize (an event); to establish; to set up; to manage; to run (an enterprise); (law) to handle; to investigate; to prosecute (a case or suspect); (bound form) office (as in 招辦|招办[zhao1 ban4], admissions office) (abbr. for 辦公室|办公室[ban4 gong1 shi4])
- to manage wealth; to manage finances; money management
- 周 Zhōu: 周 Zhou1: surname Zhou; Zhou Dynasty (1046–256 BC)周 zhōu: 周 zhou1: to make a circuit; to circle; circle; circumference; lap; cycle; complete; all; all over; thorough; to help financially周 zhōu: 周 zhou1: week; weekly
- (used in names); (bound form) (literary) bright; prosperous; splendid; genial
- 缉 jī: 缉 ji1: to seize; to arrest; Taiwan pr. [qi4]缉 qī: 缉 qi1: to stitch finely
- see 安徽省[An1 hui1 Sheng3]
- splendid virtue; majestic moral character; great kindness
- Zhili, a province from Ming times until 1928, roughly corresponding to present-day Hebei
- arts and crafts; industrial arts
- 局 jú: 局 ju2: narrow局 jú: 局 ju2: office; situation; classifier for games: match, set, round etc局 jú: 局 ju2: cramped; narrow