- well-known; famous
- to undertake advanced studies; to take a refresher course
- Tang dynasty (618–907)
- yuefu (Chinese style of lyric poetry)
- university student; college student
- to guard; to defend; to keep watch; to abide by the law; to observe (rules or ritual); nearby; adjoining
- to play a joke; to make fun of; to joke
- 你 nǐ: 你 ni3: you (informal, as opposed to courteous 您[nin2])你 nǐ: 你 ni3: you (Note: In Taiwan, 妳 is used to address females, but in mainland China, it is not commonly used. Instead, 你 is used to address both males and females.)
- to mean; meaning
- to guide; to direct; to instruct; coach; trainer
- to go (in a direction); to; towards; (of a train) bound for; past; previous
- not ever; not necessarily
- 不是 bù shi: 不是 bu4 shi5: fault; blame不是 bù shì: 不是 bu4 shi4: no; is not; not
- to use; to put to use
- to go for; to engage in; to undertake; to deal with; to handle; to do
- literature and history
- erudition; scholarly knowledge
- (lit. and fig.) field of vision; scope; horizon
- to make clear; to make known; to state clearly; to indicate; known
- mid- (e.g. mid-century); middle period
- station; to stand; to halt; to stop; branch of a company or organization; website
- other people; bystanders; onlookers; outsiders
- hard to (predict, imagine etc)
- to hope to reach; to strive for
- boundary; state; realm
- real; true; honest; really; solid; fruit; seed; definitely
- -ism; only
- genius
- first half of one's life
- to skim (through a book); to read cursorily; to dip into
- domain; sphere; field; territory; area
- many; diverse
- the classics; scriptures; classical; classic (example, case etc); typical
- Central Asia
- ancient times
- historical record inscribed on tablet
- 古 gǔ: 古 gu3: ancient; old; paleo-古 Gǔ: 古 Gu3: surname Gu
- language; CL:門|门[men2],種|种[zhong3]
- Wei (220-265) and Jin (265-420) dynasties
- Northern and Southern dynasties (420-589)
- Sui (581-617) and Tang dynasties (618-907)
- appearance; to appear
- (idiom) wide-ranging and profound