- (literary) shackles
- everyone
- to surround; to circle; to revolve around
- to come down; (completed action marker); (after verb of motion, indicates motion down and towards us, also fig.); (indicates continuation from the past towards us); to be harvested (of crops); to be over (of a period of time); to go among the masses (said of leaders)
- cave; hole
- entrance; to import
- place above (it); upper part (of it)
- aperture; diaphragm; halo; aureole
- specially; intentionally
- fraternity
- (literary) not; used in transliteration
- to damage; to wreck; to destroy
- thereupon; as a result; consequently; thus; hence
- to stay somewhere temporarily; to stop over
- to replace; to supersede; to supplant; (chemistry) substitution
- the former (i.e. the one mentioned first)
- reason; cause
- 盖 Gě: 盖 Ge3: surname Ge盖 gài: 盖 gai4: lid; top; cover; canopy; to cover; to conceal; to build
- 汉 Hàn: 汉 Han4: Han ethnic group; Chinese (language); the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 AD)汉 hàn: 汉 han4: man
- to change over to; to shift to; to switch to
- to expropriate; to commandeer
- Austria
- to subsidize; to provide financial aid; subsidy
- generation; period of 30 years; one's whole lifetime; lifelong; age; era; times; the whole world; the First (of numbered European kings)
- to involve; to implicate; to be interrelated
- 长 cháng: 长 chang2: long; (bound form) length; (bound form) strong point; forte; (bound form) to be good at; (literary) surplus; spare (Taiwan pr. [zhang4])长 zhǎng: 长 zhang3: chief; head; elder; to grow; to develop; to increase; to enhance
- judicial; (administration of) justice
- dispute
- on the one hand
- late (with a task etc); slow
- general; popular; everywhere; universal
- dissatisfied; discontented; resentful; (before a number) to be less than
- in recent years
- to raise (an issue); to propose; to put forward; to suggest; to post (on a website); to withdraw (cash)
- consultation; reference; to consult; to refer
- many times; repeatedly
- Switzerland
- collector
- assistant