- to arise; to come into being; to come about; to give rise to; to bring into being; to bring about; to produce; to engender; to generate
- (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的[de5]); him; her; it
- to continue; to go on; to last
- (of a period of time) long
- to organize; organization; (biology) tissue; (textiles) weave; CL:個|个[ge4]
- 严 yán: 严 yan2: tight (closely sealed); stern; strict; rigorous; severe; father严 Yán: 严 Yan2: surname Yan
- influence; effect; to influence; to affect (usually adversely); to disturb; CL:股[gu3]
- 大 dà: 大 da4: big; large; great; older (than another person); eldest (as in 大姐[da4 jie3]); greatly; freely; fully; (dialect) father; (dialect) uncle (father's brother)大 dài: 大 dai4: see 大夫[dai4 fu5]
- world
- to be (followed by substantives only); correct; right; true; (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well; (adverb for emphatic assertion)
- one and only (idiom); rarely seen; unique of its kind
- many times; repeatedly
- to happen; to occur; to take place; to break out
- autocracy; dictatorship
- to meddle; to intervene; intervention
- (historical) affairs of state at the imperial court
- matter; thing; item; work; affair; CL:件[jian4],樁|桩[zhuang1],回[hui2]
- right; correct; towards; at; for; concerning; regarding; to treat (sb a certain way); to face; (bound form) opposite; facing; matching; to match together; to adjust; to fit; to suit; to answer; to reply; to add; to pour in (a fluid); to check; to compare; classifier: couple; pair
- feudal society
- politics; political
- to have; there is; (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意[you3 yi4] intentional)
- important; significant; major
- long; endless; boundless
- years; time
- long river; (fig.) long flow of time
- 中 zhòng: 中 zhong4: to hit (a target); to be struck by (a bullet, illness etc); to win (a prize or lottery)中 Zhōng: 中 Zhong1: (bound form) China; Chinese; surname Zhong中 zhōng: 中 zhong1: within; among; in; middle; center; while (doing sth); during; (dialect) OK; all right
- maybe; perhaps; might; possibly; or
- to be good at; to be expert in
- (after a verb or adjective) one who (is) ...; (after a noun) person involved in ...; -er; -ist; (used after a number or 後|后[hou4] or 前[qian2] to refer to sth mentioned previously); (used after a term, to mark a pause before defining the term); (old) (used at the end of a command); (old) this
- countless; numberless; innumerable
- this way; like this; so; (before a noun) this kind of; such
- same type; category 1 (i.e. class A)
- person; people; CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4],名[ming2]
- straight (in a straight line); continuously; always; all the way through
- no; not so; (bound form) not; un-
- quilt; to cover (with); (literary) to suffer (a misfortune); used to indicate passive voice (placed before the doer of the action like "by" in English passive-voice sentences, or, if the doer is not mentioned, before the verb); (since c. 2009) (sarcastic or jocular) used to indicate that the following word should be regarded as being in air quotes (as in 被旅遊|被旅游[bei4 lu : 3 you2] to "go on a trip")
- to attach importance to sth; to value
- they; them
- to hold; to seize; to catch; to apprehend; to take; (used in the same way as 把[ba3]: to mark the following noun as a direct object)
- (bound form) cavity; (bound form) speech; talk; tune; accent (in one's speech); (old) classifier for carcasses of slaughtered livestock
- to hold between the thumb and fingers; to pinch; to mold (using the fingers); to hold (lit. in one's hand and fig.); to join together; to fabricate (a story, a report, etc)
- 调 diào: 调 diao4: to transfer; to move (troops or cadres); to investigate; to enquire into; accent; view; argument; key (in music); mode (music); tune; tone; melody调 tiáo: 调 tiao2: to harmonize; to reconcile; to blend; to suit well; to adjust; to regulate; to season (food); to provoke; to incite
- foot; leg (of an animal or an object); base (of an object); CL:雙|双[shuang1],隻|只[zhi1]; classifier for kicks
- to step on; to tread; to stamp; to press a pedal; to pedal (a bike); (online) to downvote
- small quick steps
- imperial palace
- Danei, a district in Tainan 台南|台南[Tai2 nan2], Taiwan