- Yuanmingyuan, the Old Summer Palace, destroyed by the British and French army in 1860
- cheers and laughter
- to pass; to spend (time); to survive; to get through
- she
- due to; as a result of; thanks to; owing to; since; because
- Qing dynasty (1644-1911)
- unfavorable; disadvantageous; harmful; detrimental
- numerous
- (of a process etc) to proceed; to be in progress; to be underway; (of people) to carry out; to conduct (an investigation or discussion etc); (of an army etc) to be on the march; to advance
- to leave for; to proceed towards; to go to
- to interview; to meet
- forceful (criticism etc); to use strong words
- to blame; to criticize; condemnation; reproach
- guilt; crime; fault; blame; sin
- to know well; to be fully aware of
- dynasty
- to face sth; to be confronted with
- 将 jiāng: 将 jiang1: will; shall; to use; to take; to checkmate; just a short while ago; (introduces object of main verb, used in the same way as 把[ba3])将 qiāng: 将 qiang1: to desire; to invite; to request将 jiàng: 将 jiang4: (bound form) a general; (literary) to command; to lead; (Chinese chess) general (on the black side, equivalent to a king in Western chess)
- aspect; phase; situation
- 不是 bù shì: 不是 bu4 shi4: no; is not; not不是 bù shi: 不是 bu4 shi5: fault; blame
- 力 lì: 力 li4: power; force; strength; ability; strenuously力 Lì: 力 Li4: surname Li
- 能 néng: 能 neng2: can; to be able to; might possibly; ability; (physics) energy能 Néng: 能 Neng2: surname Neng
- to retrieve; to redeem
- thereupon; as a result; consequently; thus; hence
- to admit responsibility and resign
- constrained; restricted; forced to; under pressure to do sth
- to agree; to consent; to approve
- to penalize; to punish
- not long (after); before too long; soon; soon after
- to repeal; to revoke; (computing) to undo
- to handle; to take care of; to punish
- to continue; to proceed with; to go on with
- to wear; to put on; to dress; to bore through; to pierce; to perforate; to penetrate; to pass through; to thread
- first class; prime; main
- to negotiate peace
- plenipotentiary ambassador
- to cease fire; to stop fighting; armistice; truce
- matters; arrangements
- see 馬關縣|马关县[Ma3 guan1 Xian4]
- to humiliate; to shame; humiliation; indignity