- whether or not; can it or can't it; is it possible?
- excelling both in morals and studies (idiom); top marks for studies and for behavior (at school); a paragon of virtue and learning
- to recommend (for admission to school)
- highly intelligent; brilliant
- incense tripod
- to follow your orders; to do as you bid
- in vain; to no purpose; for nothing; white
- young people; youngster
- lit. to fall behind Sun Shan 孫山|孙山[Sun1 Shan1] (who came last in the imperial examination) (idiom); fig. to fail an exam; to fall behind (in a competition)
- to arrive home; facing one's home; home-coming; (soccer) facing the goalmouth
- forward patrol (military) (old); (fig.) the top ranks
- thirty-fourth year D10 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1957 or 2017
- branch of study; administrative section; division; field; branch; stage directions; family (taxonomy); rules; laws; to mete out (punishment); to levy (taxes etc); to fine sb; CL:個|个[ge4]
- in a fit of pique; in a fury
- the human world; the earth
- to coax; to beguile; to win over
- the Opium Wars of 1840-1842 and 1860-1861
- internal trouble and outside aggression (idiom); in a mess both domestically and abroad
- to split up; to divide; to break up; fission; schism
- the foreign learning or Westernizing faction in the late Qing
- government-run; state-run
- new type; new kind
- to increase; to strengthen
- a nation's power
- to concoct; to invent; to fabricate; to produce; to process; processing and curing (Chinese medicine)
- everlasting; perpetual; lasting; forever; permanent
- to buy; to purchase
- to seek; to search for
- skilled workman
- (military, firefighting etc) (verb and noun) drill; exercise; maneuver
- (old) steamboat
- to go through; to pass through; to be in general use
- to twirl (in the fingers)
- long-term strategy
- to press; to urge; to hasten