- culture; civilization; cultural; CL:個|个[ge4],種|种[zhong3]
- society
- development; growth; to develop; to grow; to expand
- flight of steps; (fig.) stepping stone; way to reach the goal of
- to pass through; to get through; to adopt (a resolution); to pass (legislation); to pass (a test); by means of; through; via
- to promote (to a higher-ranking position); to lift; to hoist; (fig.) to elevate; to raise; to improve
- to promote (an idea or cause); to advance; boost
- harmonious; harmony; (euphemism) to censor
- 都 Dū: 都 Du1: surname Du都 dōu: 都 dou1: all; both; entirely; (used for emphasis) even; already; (not) at all都 dū: 都 du1: capital city; metropolis
- to meet; to run into; to come across
- to mirror; to reflect; mirror image; reflection; (fig.) to report; to make known; to render
- visionary and sagacious (idiom)
- 正 zhēng: 正 zheng1: first month of the lunar year正 zhèng: 正 zheng4: straight; upright; proper; main; principal; to correct; to rectify; exactly; just (at that time); right (in that place); (math.) positive
- because; owing to; on account of
- like this; so; such
- to be published; to come out
- after; later; afterwards; following; later on; in the future
- to receive (praise, an education, punishment etc); to be ...ed (praised, educated, punished etc)
- some; a few; a little; (following an adjective) slightly ...er
- scholar
- surname Song; the Song dynasty (960–1279); Song of the Southern Dynasties (420–479) 南朝宋[Nan2 chao2 Song4]
- certainly; must; will; necessarily
- 端 duān: 端 duan1: (bound form) tip; end; extremity; (bound form) aspect; facet; (bound form) upright; proper; to hold sth level with both hands; to carry; to eliminate; to wipe out端 duān: 端 duan1: start; origin
- safety and danger; safety
- 文 wén: 文 wen2: language; culture; writing; formal; literary; gentle; (old) classifier for coins; Kangxi radical 67文 Wén: 文 Wen2: surname Wen
- to gather; to collect; collected works; classifier for sections of a TV series etc: episode
- memorial activity 35 days after a person's death
- Siku Quanshu (collection of books compiled during Qing dynasty)
- superorder (taxonomy); catalog; table of contents
- summary; abstract
- -ism; only
- to give an orderly account; a thorough narrative
- gains and losses; success and failure; merits and demerits
- (before an adjective or verb) to the highest degree; (the) most ...; -est; (after 之[zhi1]) best or most extreme example (e.g. 世界之最[shi4 jie4 zhi1 zui4] "the greatest in the world")
- in all cases; know
- Japan
- scale; scope; extent
- 嘉 jiā: 嘉 jia1: excellent; auspicious; to praise; to commend嘉 Jiā: 嘉 Jia1: surname Jia