- to take the initiative; to do sth of one's own accord; spontaneous; active; opposite: passive 被動|被动[bei4 dong4]; drive (of gears and shafts etc)
- majestic; sublime
- mission; long-term task to which one devotes oneself; a calling
- to contribute; to dedicate; to devote; contribution; CL:個|个[ge4]
- action; conduct; behavior; activity
- aspiration; ambition
- every; various; separately, one by one
- country; nation; state
- nationality; ethnic group
- to be reborn; rebirth
- 向 Xiàng: 向 Xiang4: surname Xiang向 xiàng: 向 xiang4: towards; to face; to turn towards; direction; to support; to side with; shortly before; formerly; always; all along; (suffix) suitable for ...; oriented to ...向 xiàng: 向 xiang4: to tend toward; to guide向 xiàng: 向 xiang4: direction; orientation; to face; to turn toward; to; towards; shortly before; formerly
- to disseminate; to propagate; to spread
- sophisticated; advanced (technology etc); meritorious; exemplary (deeds etc)
- idea; concept; philosophy; theory
- every place
- (social) class; CL:個|个[ge4]
- society
- politics; political
- to have to; must; compulsory; necessarily
- prefix used before the surname of a person or a numeral indicating the order of birth of the children in a family or to indicate affection or familiarity; old (of people); venerable (person); experienced; of long standing; always; all the time; of the past; very; outdated; (of meat etc) tough
- Europe (abbr. for 歐羅巴洲|欧罗巴洲[Ou1 luo2 ba1 Zhou1])
- to hate; hatred; enmity; hostility
- to protect; to defend; to safeguard; protection; CL:種|种[zhong3]
- future; tomorrow; CL:個|个[ge4]; approaching; coming; pending
- to implement; to carry out; to introduce (a policy, system, reform etc); to promote; to advance (the practice of an art form, the use of a language etc); to push along (a bicycle etc while walking)
- to be compelled; to be forced
- to knock against; to bump into; to run into; to meet by accident
- to injure; to harm
- to clear away; to eliminate; to get rid of
- to fall; to drop; to lag behind; to lose; to go missing; to reduce; fall (in prices); to lose (value, weight etc); to wag; to swing; to turn; to change; to exchange; to swap; to show off; to shed (hair); (used after certain verbs to express completion, fulfillment, removal etc)
- to go forward; to forge ahead; to advance; onward
- (lit. and fig.) road; path
- course of events; process
- (idiom) inevitable; unavoidable
- benefit; (in sb's) interest; CL:個|个[ge4]
- to go forward; to advance; to go in; to enter; to put in; to submit; to take in; to admit; (math.) base of a number system; classifier for sections in a building or residential compound
- honor; glory
- laborious
- course; process
- 只 zhǐ: 只 zhi3: only; merely; just只 zhī: 只 zhi1: grain that has begun to ripen只 zhī: 只 zhi1: classifier for birds and certain animals, one of a pair, some utensils, vessels etc
- 以 Yǐ: 以 Yi3: abbr. for Israel 以色列[Yi3 se4 lie4]以 yǐ: 以 yi3: to use; by means of; according to; in order to; because of; at (a certain date or place)
- hero; CL:個|个[ge4]
- an ideal; a dream; ideal; perfect
- see 成則為王，敗則為寇|成则为王，败则为寇[cheng2 ze2 wei2 wang2 , bai4 ze2 wei2 kou4]
- to be defeated; to lose; to fail (e.g. experiments); failure; defeat; CL:次[ci4]