- each country; every country; various countries
- domestic; internal (to a country); civil
- to wrestle; (fig.) to lock horns; to tussle; to wrangle; Taiwan pr. [jiao3li4]
- many times; repeatedly
- to withdraw the mandate of heaven (and transition to a new dynasty) (original meaning); revolution; revolutionary; to revolt (against sb or sth); to revolutionize (sth); (separable verb sometimes used in the pattern 革noun的命); CL:次[ci4]
- within the borders; internal (to a country, province, city etc); domestic
- to go on the rampage; to riot; to run amuck
- (social) class; CL:個|个[ge4]
- (included) in it; among them
- to have bad luck; to be out of luck
- to massacre one another (idiom); internecine strife
- to ask for help
- according to; in accordance with; on the basis of
- aspiration; wish (for); desire
- to withdraw from; to evacuate
- to intensify
- hostile; enemy (factions); combative
- all parties (in a dispute etc); all sides; all directions
- mood; state of mind; moodiness; CL:種|种[zhong3]
- newly
- to acquire; to get; to obtain
- succession; inheritance; hereditary
- president of a club, committee etc
- to revolve around; to center on (an issue)
- fence; hedge; (literary) screen; barrier; vassal state; Taiwan pr. [fan2]
- 侯 hóu: 侯 hou2: marquis, second of the five orders of ancient Chinese nobility 五等爵位[wu3 deng3 jue2 wei4]; nobleman; high official侯 hòu: 侯 hou4: used in 閩侯|闽侯[Min3 hou4] (the name of a place in Fujian)侯 Hóu: 侯 Hou2: surname Hou
- 格 gé: 格 ge2: square; lattice; grid; frame; compartment; partition; slot (within a larger unit); (bound form) standard; norm; specification; (bound form) character; disposition; moral quality; style; aesthetic tone; (bound form) rhetorical form; stylistic pattern; (bound form) (linguistics) grammatical case; (literary) to correct; to rectify; (literary) to arrive at; to reach; (literary) to obstruct; to hinder; (literary) to investigate exhaustively; classifier for compartments, slots or cells within a larger unit格 gē: 格 ge1: used in 格登[ge1 deng1]; used in 格格[ge1 ge1]
- baron
- 归化 gūi huà: 归化 gui1 hua4: naturalization归化 Gūi huà: 归化 Gui1 hua4: old name for district of Hohhot city 呼和浩特[Hu1 he2 hao4 te4], Inner Mongolia
- to negotiate; negotiation; talks; conference; CL:個|个[ge4]
- to mediate (a conflict etc)
- many; diverse
- and; moreover; yet; for the time being; to be about to; both (... and...)
- time-consuming; to take a period of (x amount of time)
- (literary) to give; to accord; to render
- to go bankrupt; to become impoverished; bankruptcy
- lucky; auspicious; propitious; rayl (acoustical unit)
- federal; federation; commonwealth; federal union; federal state; union
- in confusion or disorder; in a confused state of mind; disorder; upheaval; riot; illicit sexual relations; to throw into disorder; to mix up; indiscriminate; random; arbitrary
- to occupy; to hold
- to defeat; to beat
- to reconcile; to mediate; to bring warring parties to agreement; to arbitrate
- meeting; conference; CL:場|场[chang3],屆|届[jie4]