- demonic; iniquitous; nefarious; evil; unhealthy influences that cause disease (Chinese medicine); (coll.) strange; abnormal
- 曲 qū: 曲 qu1: bent; crooked; wrong曲 qǔ: 曲 qu3: tune; song; CL:支[zhi1]曲 Qū: 曲 Qu1: surname Qu曲 qū: 曲 qu1: fermentation starter; leaven (molds, yeasts or bacteria used in fermenting soy products or brewing etc); Taiwan pr. [qu2]
- to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm; evil; calamity
- public; collectively owned; common; international (e.g. high seas, metric system, calendar); make public; fair; just; Duke, highest of five orders of nobility 五等爵位[wu3 deng3 jue2 wei4]; honorable (gentlemen); father-in-law; male (animal)
- 方正 Fāng zhèng: 方正 Fang1 zheng4: see 方正縣|方正县[Fang1 zheng4 Xian4]方正 fāng zhèng: 方正 fang1 zheng4: clear and square; neat; square (person)
- must not; cannot; to not allow; cannot tolerate
- happening; instance; reason; cause; intentional; former; old; friend; therefore; hence; (of people) to die, dead
- to be worried
- bard; poet
- many years ago; in the past; in one's early years
- to receive; to accept; to suffer; subjected to; to bear; to stand; pleasant; (passive marker); (LGBT) bottom
- 任 rèn: 任 ren4: to assign; to appoint; to take up a post; office; responsibility; to let; to allow; to give free rein to; no matter (how, what etc); classifier for terms served in office, or for spouses, girlfriends etc (as in 前任男友)任 Rén: 任 Ren2: surname Ren
- 徒 Tú: 徒 Tu2: surname Tu徒 tú: 徒 tu2: (bound form) disciple; apprentice; believer; (derog.) wrongdoer (as in 騙徒|骗徒[pian4 tu2] "swindler" or 叛徒[pan4 tu2] "traitor" etc); (bound form) on foot; (bound form) bare; empty; (bound form) to no avail; in vain; (bound form) merely; just; only; (bound form) prison sentence
- office; duty
- to meet by chance (usually with misfortune); classifier for events: time, turn, incident
- quilt; to cover (with); (literary) to suffer (a misfortune); used to indicate passive voice (placed before the doer of the action like "by" in English passive-voice sentences, or, if the doer is not mentioned, before the verb); (since c. 2009) (sarcastic or jocular) used to indicate that the following word should be regarded as being in air quotes (as in 被旅遊|被旅游[bei4 lu : 3 you2] to "go on a trip")
- 疏 shū: 疏 shu1: to dredge; to clear away obstruction; thin; sparse; scanty; distant (relation); not close; to neglect; negligent; to present a memorial to the Emperor; commentary; annotation疏 Shū: 疏 Shu1: surname Shu
- Miluo River in Hunan province, tributary of the Xiang River 湘江[Xiang1 Jiang1], flows into Dongting Lake 洞庭湖[Dong4 ting2 Hu2]
- to die; impassable; uncrossable; inflexible; rigid; extremely; damned
- 水 Shǔi: 水 Shui3: surname Shui; Shui ethnic group水 shǔi: 水 shui3: water; (after a name) ... River; to swim (used mostly in 會水|会水[hui4 shui3] and 水性[shui3 xing4]); (coll.) lacking in substance; shoddy; (bound form) additional cost; extra income; classifier for washings of a garment
- root; source; origin
- see 湖南省[Hu2 nan2 Sheng3]
- see 平江縣|平江县[Ping2 jiang1 Xian4]
- see 湘陰縣|湘阴县[Xiang1 yin1 Xian4]
- to flow into; inflow
- Dongting Lake in northeast Hunan province
- to send; to give as a present
- 商 shāng: 商 shang1: commerce; merchant; dealer; to consult; 2nd note in pentatonic scale; quotient (as in 智商[zhi4 shang1], intelligence quotient)商 Shāng: 商 Shang1: Shang Dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC); surname Shang
- 於 yú: 於 yu2: (of time or place) in; at; on; (indicating any indirect relation) to; toward; vis-à-vis; with regard to; for; (indicating a source) from; out of; (used in comparison) than; (used in the passive voice) by於 Yū: 於 Yu1: surname Yu; Taiwan pr. [Yu2]於 wū: 於 wu1: (literary) Oh!; Ah!
- 地 de: 地 de5: -ly; structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to preceding modifying adverbial adjunct地 dì: 地 di4: earth; ground; field; place; land; CL:片[pian4]
- condition; circumstance; term; factor; requirement; prerequisite; qualification; situation; state; condition; CL:個|个[ge4]
- to obtain (sth) in exchange; to exchange (sth) for (sth else)
- Qi state of Western Zhou and the Warring states (1122-265 BC), centered in Shandong
- to break off relations; to break with sb
- 待 dāi: 待 dai1: to stay; to remain待 dài: 待 dai4: to wait; to treat; to deal with; to need; going to (do sth); about to; intending to
- 齐 Qí: 齐 Qi2: (name of states and dynasties at several different periods); surname Qi齐 qí: 齐 qi2: neat; even; level with; identical; simultaneous; all together; to even sth out
- old: to reap the consequences of one's words (idiom, from Mencius); modern: to go back on one's word; to blow hot and cold; to contradict oneself; inconsistent
- 给 jǐ: 给 ji3: to supply; to provide给 gěi: 给 gei3: to; for; for the benefit of; to give; to allow; to do sth (for sb); (grammatical equivalent of 被); (grammatical equivalent of 把); (sentence intensifier)
- 土地 tǔ di: 土地 tu3 di5: local god; genius loci土地 tǔ dì: 土地 tu3 di4: land; soil; territory; CL:片[pian4],塊|块[kuai4]
- to become enemies; to become hostile towards each other
- several times
- war; to wage war
- to be defeated; to lose; to fail (e.g. experiments); failure; defeat; CL:次[ci4]
- to lose; to forfeit