- 三 sān: 三 san1: three; 3三 Sān: 三 San1: surname San
- two; 2; (Beijing dialect) stupid
- to draw (e.g. a bow); to pull; to stretch sth; to extend; to lengthen; to involve or implicate in; to attract; to lead; to guide; to leave; to provide evidence or justification for; old unit of distance equal to 10 丈[zhang4], one-thirtieth of a km or 33.33 meters
- character; script; writing; written language; writing style; phraseology; CL:個|个[ge4]
- 与 yǔ: 与 yu3: (formal) and; together with (linking parallel nouns, verbs, or phrases); (formal) with; from (marking the other participant in an interaction, comparison, or contrast, e.g. 與他握手|与他握手[yu3 ta1 wo4 shou3] "shake hands with him", 與去年不同|与去年不同[yu3 qu4 nian2 bu4 tong2] "different from last year"); (literary) to give; to grant; to bestow与 yù: 与 yu4: to take part in
- this; these
- to record; to note; to memorize; to remember; mark; sign; classifier for blows, kicks, shots
- and; to reach; up to; in time for
- thirty; 30
- (bound form) equal; uniform; even; (literary) without exception; all
- 作 zùo: 作 zuo4: to do; to engage in; to write; to compose; to pretend; to feign; to regard as; to consider to be; to be; to act the part of; to feel (itchy, nauseous etc); writings; works作 zūo: 作 zuo1: (bound form) worker; (bound form) workshop; (slang) troublesome; high-maintenance (person)
- filial piety or obedience; mourning apparel
- warp and woof; longitude and latitude; main points
- not to see; not to meet; to have disappeared; to be missing
- (bound form) root; stem; (bound form) origin; source; (bound form) one's own; this; (bound form) this; the current (year etc); (bound form) original; (bound form) inherent; originally; initially; capital; principal; classifier for books, periodicals, files etc
- Shuowen Jiezi, the earliest systematic Chinese character dictionary, compiled by Xu Shen 許慎|许慎[Xu3 Shen4] in the Eastern Han dynasty (2nd century), containing 10,516 entries
- Records of the Grand Historian, by 司馬遷|司马迁[Si1 ma3 Qian1], first of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史[Er4 shi2 si4 Shi3]
- 鲁 Lǔ: 鲁 Lu3: surname Lu; Lu, an ancient state of China 魯國|鲁国[Lu3 guo2]; short name for Shandong 山東|山东[Shan1 dong1]鲁 lǔ: 鲁 lu3: (bound form) crass; stupid; rude; (used to represent the sounds of "ru", "lu" etc in loanwords)
- 周 zhōu: 周 zhou1: to make a circuit; to circle; circle; circumference; lap; cycle; complete; all; all over; thorough; to help financially周 Zhōu: 周 Zhou1: surname Zhou; Zhou Dynasty (1046–256 BC)周 zhōu: 周 zhou1: week; weekly
- public; collectively owned; common; international (e.g. high seas, metric system, calendar); make public; fair; just; Duke, highest of five orders of nobility 五等爵位[wu3 deng3 jue2 wei4]; honorable (gentlemen); father-in-law; male (animal)
- family influential for generations; aristocratic family
- 贾 Jiǎ: 贾 Jia3: surname Jia贾 gǔ: 贾 gu3: merchant; to buy
- crossroads; thoroughfare
- lit. “Mr. Lü's Spring and Autumn (Annals)”, compendium of the philosophies of the Hundred Schools of Thought 諸子百家|诸子百家[zhu1 zi3 bai3 jia1], compiled around 239 BC under the patronage of Qin Dynasty 秦代[Qin2 dai4] Chancellor Lü Buwei 呂不韋|吕不韦[Lu:3 Bu4 wei2]
- careful; cautious
- 大 dài: 大 dai4: see 大夫[dai4 fu5]大 dà: 大 da4: big; large; great; older (than another person); eldest (as in 大姐[da4 jie3]); greatly; freely; fully; (dialect) father; (dialect) uncle (father's brother)
- sheet; piece of writing; bound set of bamboo slips used for record keeping (old); classifier for written items: chapter, article
- 高 Gāo: 高 Gao1: surname Gao高 gāo: 高 gao1: high; tall; above average; loud; your (honorific)
- (literary) to induce; to entice
- 注 zhù: 注 zhu4: (bound form) to pour into; to flow into; to inject; (bound form) to focus (one's spirit, gaze etc) on a single point; to concentrate; (bound form) stake (in gambling); classifier for stakes, sums of money, transactions or beams of light注 zhù: 注 zhu4: to annotate; to provide explanatory notes on a written text; an annotation; an explanatory note; (bound form) to put on record; to register
- Zuo Zhuan or Tsochuan, Mr Zuo's Annals or Mr Zuo's commentary on 春秋[Chun1 qiu1], early history c. 400 BC attributed to famous blind historian Zuo Qiuming 左丘明[Zuo3 Qiu1 ming2]
- 哀 āi: 哀 ai1: (bound form) sorrow; grief; pity; (bound form) to grieve for; to pity; to lament; to condole哀 āi: 哀 Ai1: Ai (c. 2000 BC), sixth of legendary Flame Emperors 炎帝[Yan2 di4] descended from Shennong 神農|神农[Shen2 nong2] Farmer God, also known as Li 釐|厘[Li2]
- fifteen; 15
- 年 Nián: 年 Nian2: surname Nian年 nián: 年 nian2: year; CL:個|个[ge4]年 nián: 年 nian2: grain; harvest (old)
- 都 Dū: 都 Du1: surname Du都 dōu: 都 dou1: all; both; entirely; (used for emphasis) even; already; (not) at all都 dū: 都 du1: capital city; metropolis
- to have; there is; (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意[you3 yi4] intentional)
- 盖 Gě: 盖 Ge3: surname Ge盖 gài: 盖 gai4: lid; top; cover; canopy; to cover; to conceal; to build
- 家 jiā: 家 jia1: used in 傢伙|家伙[jia1 huo5] and 傢俱|家俱[jia1 ju4]家 jiā: 家 jia1: home; family; (polite) my (sister, uncle etc); classifier for families or businesses; refers to the philosophical schools of pre-Han China; noun suffix for a specialist in some activity, such as a musician or revolutionary, corresponding to English -ist, -er, -ary or -ian; CL:個|个[ge4]