- surname Song; the Song dynasty (960–1279); Song of the Southern Dynasties (420–479) 南朝宋[Nan2 chao2 Song4]
- 大夫 dà fū: 大夫 da4 fu1: senior official (in imperial China)大夫 dài fu: 大夫 dai4 fu5: doctor; physician
- name; designation; item; rubric; (formal usage) fame
- non-Han people, esp. to the East of China; barbarians; to wipe out; to exterminate; to tear down; to raze
- (bound form) ordinary; numerous; (bound form) pertaining to a concubine (contrasted with 嫡[di2])
- elder brother
- 曾 céng: 曾 ceng2: once; already; ever (in the past); former; previously; (past tense marker used before verb or clause)曾 zēng: 曾 zeng1: great- (grandfather, grandchild etc)曾 Zēng: 曾 Zeng1: surname Zeng
- 任 Rén: 任 Ren2: surname Ren任 rèn: 任 ren4: to assign; to appoint; to take up a post; office; responsibility; to let; to allow; to give free rein to; no matter (how, what etc); classifier for terms served in office, or for spouses, girlfriends etc (as in 前任男友)
- to have; to have always had
- worthy or virtuous person; honorific used for a person of the same or a younger generation
- sound; voice; tone; noise; reputation; classifier for sounds
- 襄 xiāng: 襄 xiang1: (literary) to assist襄 Xiāng: 襄 Xiang1: surname Xiang
- public (e.g. school, hospital)
- 左 zǔo: 左 zuo3: left; the Left (politics); east; unorthodox; queer; wrong; differing; opposite左 Zǔo: 左 Zuo3: surname Zuo
- 师 Shī: 师 Shi1: surname Shi师 shī: 师 shi1: teacher; master; expert; model; army division; (old) troops; to dispatch troops
- to execute (a plan); to grasp
- national politics; archaic rank, "Minister of State"; common given name
- 牛 Níu: 牛 Niu2: surname Niu牛 níu: 牛 niu2: ox; cow; bull; CL:條|条[tiao2],頭|头[tou2]; newton (abbr. for 牛頓|牛顿[niu2 dun4]); (slang) awesome
- 羊 yáng: 羊 yang2: sheep; goat; CL:頭|头[tou2],隻|只[zhi1]羊 Yáng: 羊 Yang2: surname Yang
- hog; pig; swine; CL:口[kou3],頭|头[tou2]
- dog; CL:隻|只[zhi1],條|条[tiao2]
- fowl; chicken; CL:隻|只[zhi1]; (slang) prostitute
- domestic animal; livestock; cattle
- 谓 Wèi: 谓 Wei4: surname Wei谓 wèi: 谓 wei4: to speak; to say; to name; to designate; meaning; sense
- 若 rùo: 若 ruo4: to seem; like; as; if若 rě: 若 re3: used in 般若[bo1 re3]; used in 蘭若|兰若[lan2 re3]
- beforehand; first; earlier; at first; originally; for the time being; for now; (prefix) my late (in referring to deceased relatives older than oneself)
- need not
- Shijing, the Book of Songs, early collection of Chinese poems and one of the Five Classics of Confucianism 五經|五经[Wu3 jing1]
- one of the three main divisions of the Book of Songs 詩經|诗经
- 原 Yuán: 原 Yuan2: surname Yuan; (Japanese surname) Hara原 yuán: 原 yuan2: former; original; primary; raw; level; cause; source
- poem; poetic works
- 维 wéi: 维 wei2: to preserve; to maintain; to hold together; dimension; vitamin (abbr. for 維生素|维生素[wei2 sheng1 su4])维 Wéi: 维 Wei2: abbr. for Uighur 維吾爾|维吾尔[Wei2 wu2 er3]; surname Wei
- fifth of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干[shi2 tian1 gan1]; fifth in order; letter "E" or Roman "V" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc; penta
- 当 dāng: 当 dang1: (onom.) dong; ding dong (bell)当 dāng: 当 dang1: to be; to act as; manage; withstand; when; during; ought; should; match equally; equal; same; obstruct; just at (a time or place); on the spot; right; just at当 dàng: 当 dang4: at or in the very same...; suitable; adequate; fitting; proper; to replace; to regard as; to think; to pawn; (coll.) to fail (a student)
- 应 yīng: 应 ying1: to agree (to do sth); should; ought to; must; (legal) shall应 Yīng: 应 Ying1: surname Ying; Taiwan pr. [Ying4]应 yìng: 应 ying4: to answer; to respond; to comply with; to deal or cope with
- 劭 shào: 劭 shao4: stimulate to effort劭 Shào: 劭 Shao4: surname Shao
- mistake; error; to miss; to harm; to delay; to neglect; mistakenly
- according to; based on; basis; foundation; CL:個|个[ge4]
- five phases of Chinese philosophy: wood 木, fire 火, earth 土, metal 金, water 水
- theory; doctrine
- twelve; 12
- the 12 earthly branches 子[zi3], 丑[chou3], 寅[yin2], 卯[mao3], 辰[chen2], 巳[si4], 午[wu3], 未[wei4], 申[shen1], 酉[you3], 戌[xu1], 亥[hai4], used cyclically in the calendar and as ordinal numbers I, II etc
- 中 Zhōng: 中 Zhong1: (bound form) China; Chinese; surname Zhong中 zhòng: 中 zhong4: to hit (a target); to be struck by (a bullet, illness etc); to win (a prize or lottery)中 zhōng: 中 zhong1: within; among; in; middle; center; while (doing sth); during; (dialect) OK; all right
- not yet; did not; have not; not; 8th earthly branch: 1-3 p.m., 6th solar month (7th July-6th August), year of the Sheep; ancient Chinese compass point: 210°
- 与 yǔ: 与 yu3: (formal) and; together with (linking parallel nouns, verbs, or phrases); (formal) with; from (marking the other participant in an interaction, comparison, or contrast, e.g. 與他握手|与他握手[yu3 ta1 wo4 shou3] "shake hands with him", 與去年不同|与去年不同[yu3 qu4 nian2 bu4 tong2] "different from last year"); (literary) to give; to grant; to bestow与 yù: 与 yu4: to take part in
- to correspond (to); to be equivalent to; to be a counterpart to