- to be; thus; so; therefore; then; only; thereupon
- 约 yuē: 约 yue1: to make an appointment; to invite; approximately; pact; treaty; to economize; to restrict; to reduce (a fraction); concise约 yāo: 约 yao1: to weigh in a balance or on a scale
- 中 zhōng: 中 zhong1: within; among; in; middle; center; while (doing sth); during; (dialect) OK; all right中 zhòng: 中 zhong4: to hit (a target); to be struck by (a bullet, illness etc); to win (a prize or lottery)中 Zhōng: 中 Zhong1: (bound form) China; Chinese; surname Zhong
- 分 fèn: 分 fen4: part; share; ingredient; component分 fēn: 分 fen1: to divide; to separate; to distribute; to allocate; to distinguish (good and bad); (bound form) branch of (an organization); sub- (as in 分局[fen1 ju2]); fraction; one tenth (of certain units); unit of length equivalent to 0.33 cm; minute (unit of time); minute (angular measurement unit); a point (in sports or games); 0.01 yuan (unit of money)
- land under heaven; the whole world; the whole of China; realm; rule
- to restrict; to agree to a contract; offer; bid
- contract of alliance; oath or treaty between allies
- name; noun (part of speech); place (e.g. among winners); famous; classifier for people
- the Warring States period (475-221 BC)
- 时 shí: 时 shi2: o'clock; time; when; hour; season; period时 Shí: 时 Shi2: surname Shi
- ten; 10
- 年 Nián: 年 Nian2: surname Nian年 nián: 年 nian2: year; CL:個|个[ge4]年 nián: 年 nian2: grain; harvest (old)
- front; forward; ahead; first; top (followed by a number); future; ago; before; BC (e.g. 前293年); former; formerly
- 开通 kāi tōng: 开通 kai1 tong1: to open (a new road or railway line); to set up (a hotline); to launch (a service); to subscribe to (a members-only service)开通 kāi tong: 开通 kai1 tong5: open-minded
- old road; old way; old course (of a river)
- (bound form) self; oneself; from; since; naturally; as a matter of course
- now; the present time; current; contemporary; this (day, year etc)
- see 河南省[He2 nan2 Sheng3]; see 河南蒙古族自治縣|河南蒙古族自治县[He2 nan2 Meng2 gu3 zu2 Zi4 zhi4 xian4]
- see 滎陽市|荥阳市[Xing2 yang2 Shi4]
- north; (classical) to be defeated
- to draw (e.g. a bow); to pull; to stretch sth; to extend; to lengthen; to involve or implicate in; to attract; to lead; to guide; to leave; to provide evidence or justification for; old unit of distance equal to 10 丈[zhang4], one-thirtieth of a km or 33.33 meters
- Yellow River or Huang He
- 水 Shǔi: 水 Shui3: surname Shui; Shui ethnic group水 shǔi: 水 shui3: water; (after a name) ... River; to swim (used mostly in 會水|会水[hui4 shui3] and 水性[shui3 xing4]); (coll.) lacking in substance; shoddy; (bound form) additional cost; extra income; classifier for washings of a garment
- to arrive; most; to; until
- 蒲 pú: 蒲 pu2: refers to various monocotyledonous flowering plants including Acorus calamus and Typha orientalis; common cattail; bullrush蒲 Pú: 蒲 Pu2: surname Pu; old place name
- 田 Tián: 田 Tian2: surname Tian田 tián: 田 tian2: field; farm; CL:片[pian4]
- pool; pond; (of metals etc) luster; favor or beneficence; damp; moist
- see 中牟縣|中牟县[Zhong1 mu4 Xian4]
- 西 Xī: 西 Xi1: the West; abbr. for Spain 西班牙[Xi1 ban1 ya2]; Spanish西 xī: 西 xi1: west
- 从 cóng: 从 cong2: from; through; via; (bound form) to follow; (bound form) to obey; (bound form) to engage in (an activity); (used before a negative) ever; (bound form) (Taiwan pr. [zong4]) retainer; attendant; (bound form) (Taiwan pr. [zong4]) assistant; auxiliary; subordinate; (bound form) (Taiwan pr. [zong4]) related by common paternal grandfather or earlier ancestor从 Cóng: 从 Cong2: surname Cong
- 东 dōng: 东 dong1: east; host (i.e. sitting on east side of guest); landlord东 Dōng: 东 Dong1: surname Dong
- to go out; to come out; to arise; to occur; to produce; to yield; to go beyond; to exceed; (used after a verb to indicate an outward direction or a positive result); classifier for dramas, plays, operas etc
- capital of Wei 魏 during Warring states; CL:根[gen1]
- 开封 kāi fēng: 开封 kai1 feng1: to open (sth that has been sealed)开封 Kāi fēng: 开封 Kai1 feng1: see 開封市|开封市[Kai1 feng1 Shi4]
- 折 zhé: 折 zhe2: to break; to fracture; to snap; to suffer loss; to bend; to twist; to turn; to change direction; convinced; to convert into (currency); discount; rebate; tenth (in price); classifier for theatrical scenes; to fold; accounts book折 zhē: 折 zhe1: to turn sth over; to turn upside down; to tip sth out (of a container)折 shé: 折 she2: to snap; to break (a stick, a bone etc); (bound form) to sustain a loss (in business)折 zhé: 折 zhe2: to fold
- and; as well as; and so; but (not); yet (not); (indicates causal relation); (indicates change of state); (indicates contrast)
- 南 nán: 南 nan2: south南 Nán: 南 Nan2: surname Nan南 nā: 南 na1: used in 南無|南无[na1 mo2]; Taiwan pr. [na2]
- see 通許縣|通许县[Tong1 xu3 Xian4]
- see 太康縣|太康县[Tai4 kang1 Xian4]
- see 淮陽區|淮阳区[Huai2 yang2 Qu1]
- to enter; to go into; to join; to become a member of; (bound form) to conform to (as in 入時|入时[ru4 shi2]); abbr. for 入聲|入声[ru4 sheng1]; (on product packaging, after {number n} + {classifier}) containing (n pieces) (from Japanese 入 "iri")
- surname Ying; river in Henan and Anhui
- already; since; both... (and...)
- 通 tōng: 通 tong1: to go through; to know well; (suffix) expert; to connect; to communicate; open; to clear; classifier for letters, telegrams, phone calls etc通 tòng: 通 tong4: classifier for an activity, taken in its entirety (tirade of abuse, stint of music playing, bout of drinking etc)
- 济 jì: 济 ji4: to cross a river; to aid or relieve; to be of help济 Jǐ: 济 Ji3: used in place names associated with the Ji River 濟水|济水[Ji3 Shui3]; surname Ji济 jǐ: 济 ji3: used in 濟濟|济济[ji3 ji3]