- to excuse sb; to exempt; to remove or dismiss from office; to avoid; to avert; to escape; to be prohibited
- 与 yǔ: 与 yu3: (formal) and; together with (linking parallel nouns, verbs, or phrases); (formal) with; from (marking the other participant in an interaction, comparison, or contrast, e.g. 與他握手|与他握手[yu3 ta1 wo4 shou3] "shake hands with him", 與去年不同|与去年不同[yu3 qu4 nian2 bu4 tong2] "different from last year"); (literary) to give; to grant; to bestow与 yù: 与 yu4: to take part in
- to attack; to accuse; to study; (LGBT) top
- 白 bái: 白 bai2: white; snowy; pure; bright; empty; blank; plain; clear; to make clear; in vain; gratuitous; free of charge; reactionary; anti-communist; funeral; to stare coldly; to write wrong character; to state; to explain; vernacular; spoken lines in opera白 Bái: 白 Bai2: surname Bai; Bai ethnic group
- 奔 bèn: 奔 ben4: to go to; to head for; towards; Taiwan pr. [ben1]奔 bēn: 奔 ben1: to hurry; to rush; to run quickly; to elope
- 山 shān: 山 shan1: mountain; hill (CL:座[zuo4]); (coll.) small bundle of straw for silkworms to spin cocoons on山 Shān: 山 Shan1: surname Shan
- (of flowing water or time) to pass by; to pass away; to die
- to grow; to give birth; to produce; to be born; to arise; to occur; to light (a fire); to live; to be alive; life; raw; uncooked; unprocessed; unfamiliar; strange; (bound form) student; person engaged in a field; (bound form) male role in traditional opera; (bound form) life; lifetime; (bound form) means of livelihood; (bound form) very; intensely (as in 生疼[sheng1 teng2]); (bound form) in a forced manner (as in 生拉硬拽[sheng1 la1 ying4 zhuai4])
- to boil; to brew (tea); to cook by briefly stir-frying and then mixing in sauce; (old) to boil to death (judicial punishment in ancient times)
- 石 Shí: 石 Shi2: surname Shi; abbr. for Shijiazhuang 石家莊|石家庄[Shi2 jia1 zhuang1], the capital of Hebei石 shí: 石 shi2: rock; stone; stone inscription; one of the eight categories of ancient musical instruments 八音[ba1 yin1]石 dàn: 石 dan4: dry measure for grain equal to ten dou 斗[dou3]; one hundred liters; ancient pr. [shi2]
- to beg
- contrary; in reverse; inside out or upside down; to reverse; to return; to oppose; opposite; against; anti-; to rebel; to use analogy; instead; abbr. for 反切[fan3 qie4] phonetic system
- strict; serious; solemn; dignified; to tidy up; to clean up; to purge; to adjust
- lawsuit; CL:場|场[chang2]
- to retreat; to withdraw; to reject; to return (sth); to decline
- prefix used before the surname of a person or a numeral indicating the order of birth of the children in a family or to indicate affection or familiarity; old (of people); venerable (person); experienced; of long standing; always; all the time; of the past; very; outdated; (of meat etc) tough
- (conjunction linking two nouns) and its ...; and their ...; and his ...; and her ...
- memorial; recollection (of the deceased)
- meritorious deed or service; achievement; result; service; accomplishment; work (physics)
- 施 shī: 施 shi1: (bound form) to put into effect (regulations etc); to distribute (alms etc); to apply (fertilizer etc)施 Shī: 施 Shi1: surname Shi
- 劳 Láo: 劳 Lao2: surname Lao劳 láo: 劳 lao2: (bound form) to toil; labor; (bound form) laborer; (bound form) meritorious deed; (bound form) fatigue; to put sb to the trouble (of doing sth); (bound form) to express appreciation for sb's efforts (Taiwan pr. [lao4])
- to fix; to set; to make definite; to subscribe to (a newspaper etc); to book (tickets etc); to order (goods etc); to congeal; to coagulate; (literary) definitely
- double; twice; simultaneous; holding two or more (official) posts at the same time
- 兹 cí: 兹 ci2: used in 龜茲|龟兹[Qiu1 ci2]兹 zī: 兹 zi1: (literary) this; (literary) now; (literary) year
- two; 2; (Beijing dialect) stupid
- hard; strong; solid; sure; assuredly; undoubtedly; of course; indeed; admittedly
- canon; law; standard work of scholarship; literary quotation or allusion; ceremony; to be in charge of; to mortgage or pawn
- 春秋 Chūn qīu: 春秋 Chun1 qiu1: Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC); Spring and Autumn Annals, chronicle of Lu State (722-481 BC)春秋 chūn qīu: 春秋 chun1 qiu1: spring and autumn; four seasons; year; a person's age; annals (used in book titles)
- 何 hé: 何 he2: what; how; why; which; carry何 Hé: 何 He2: surname He
- near; close to; approximately
- filial piety or obedience; mourning apparel
- that level or lower; that amount or less; the following
- to narrate; to recount; narrative
- (bound form) root; stem; (bound form) origin; source; (bound form) one's own; this; (bound form) this; the current (year etc); (bound form) original; (bound form) inherent; originally; initially; capital; principal; classifier for books, periodicals, files etc
- Zuo Zhuan or Tsochuan, Mr Zuo's Annals or Mr Zuo's commentary on 春秋[Chun1 qiu1], early history c. 400 BC attributed to famous blind historian Zuo Qiuming 左丘明[Zuo3 Qiu1 ming2]
- 哀 āi: 哀 ai1: (bound form) sorrow; grief; pity; (bound form) to grieve for; to pity; to lament; to condole哀 āi: 哀 Ai1: Ai (c. 2000 BC), sixth of legendary Flame Emperors 炎帝[Yan2 di4] descended from Shennong 神農|神农[Shen2 nong2] Farmer God, also known as Li 釐|厘[Li2]
- sixteen; 16
- 应 yīng: 应 ying1: to agree (to do sth); should; ought to; must; (legal) shall应 yìng: 应 ying4: to answer; to respond; to comply with; to deal or cope with应 Yīng: 应 Ying1: surname Ying; Taiwan pr. [Ying4]
- 劭 shào: 劭 shao4: stimulate to effort劭 Shào: 劭 Shao4: surname Shao
- 文 Wén: 文 Wen2: surname Wen文 wén: 文 wen2: language; culture; writing; formal; literary; gentle; (old) classifier for coins; Kangxi radical 67
- 载 zǎi: 载 zai3: to record in writing; to carry (i.e. publish in a newspaper etc); Taiwan pr. [zai4]; year载 zài: 载 zai4: to carry; to convey; to load; to hold; to fill up; and; also; as well as; simultaneously
- 楚 Chǔ: 楚 Chu3: surname Chu; abbr. for Hubei 湖北省[Hu2 bei3 Sheng3] and Hunan 湖南省[Hu2 nan2 Sheng3] provinces together; Chinese kingdom during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods (722–221 BC)楚 chǔ: 楚 chu3: distinct; clear; orderly; pain; suffering; deciduous bush used in Chinese medicine (genus Vitex); punishment cane (old)
- 曾 Zēng: 曾 Zeng1: surname Zeng曾 zēng: 曾 zeng1: great- (grandfather, grandchild etc)曾 céng: 曾 ceng2: once; already; ever (in the past); former; previously; (past tense marker used before verb or clause)
- along; to follow (a line, tradition etc); to carry on; to trim (a border with braid, tape etc); border; edge
- to build
- the Great Wall