- 更 gēng: 更 geng1: to change or replace; to experience; one of the five two-hour periods into which the night was formerly divided; watch (e.g. of a sentry or guard)更 gèng: 更 geng4: more; even more; further; still; still more
- 制 zhì: 制 zhi4: system; to control; to regulate制 zhì: 制 zhi4: to manufacture; to make
- to rule; to govern; to manage; to control; to harness (a river); to treat (a disease); to wipe out (a pest); to punish; to research
- land under heaven; the whole world; the whole of China; realm; rule
- 致 zhì: 致 zhi4: (bound form) fine; delicate; exquisite致 zhì: 致 zhi4: (literary) to send; to transmit; to convey; (bound form) to cause; to lead to; consequently
- peaceful
- to pass judgment on a legal case
- person; people; CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4],名[ming2]
- 粟 Sù: 粟 Su4: surname Su粟 sù: 粟 su4: millet; (metonym) grain
- to ascend; to rise; to promote; to elevate; liter; unit of dry measure for grain (= one liter or one-tenth dou 斗[dou3])
- 钱 Qián: 钱 Qian2: surname Qian钱 qián: 钱 qian2: coin; money; CL:筆|笔[bi3]; unit of weight, one tenth of a tael 兩|两[liang3]
- this matter
- no; not so; (bound form) not; un-
- right; correct; towards; at; for; concerning; regarding; to treat (sb a certain way); to face; (bound form) opposite; facing; matching; to match together; to adjust; to fit; to suit; to answer; to reply; to add; to pour in (a fluid); to check; to compare; classifier: couple; pair
- to speak; to say
- all; each and every; in all cases
- not so; no; or else; otherwise; if not; How about ...?
- to annotate; to add a comment; explanatory note; annotation
- a noble steed (literary); (of a horse) untamed; (fig.) (of a person) headstrong; Taiwan pr. [ao2]
- front; forward; ahead; first; top (followed by a number); future; ago; before; BC (e.g. 前293年); former; formerly
- to be on the throne; to reign; to hold a particular leadership position
- 通 tōng: 通 tong1: to go through; to know well; (suffix) expert; to connect; to communicate; open; to clear; classifier for letters, telegrams, phone calls etc通 tòng: 通 tong4: classifier for an activity, taken in its entirety (tirade of abuse, stint of music playing, bout of drinking etc)
- elegant; refined; to be skilled at
- to be familiar with; to know well
- practiced; proficient; skilled; skillful
- former times; olden days
- 的 dí: 的 di2: really and truly的 dì: 的 di4: (bound form) bull's-eye; target的 dī: 的 di1: a taxi; a cab (abbr. for 的士[di1 shi4])的 de: 的 de5: of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis); (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的[pi2 ge2 de5] "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的|跑堂儿的[pao3 tang2 r5 de5] "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的[xin1 de5] "new one"); also pr. [di4] or [di5] in poetry and songs
- routine (task, procedure etc); as usual
- matter; thing; item; work; affair; CL:件[jian4],樁|桩[zhuang1],回[hui2]
- to taste; to try (food); to experience; (literary) ever; once
- once; already; former; previously; ever; (past tense marker used before verb or clause)
- Emperor Wu of the Han dynasty (141-87 BC)
- (bound form) at first; initially; (bound form) first; early; (bound form) (in lunar calendar dates, before numerals 1–10) days 1 to 10 of a month, as in 初三[chu1 san1] "the third"
- to install; to place; to put; to buy
- eight
- one of (sth); one out of a multitude; one (third, quarter, percent etc)
- (literary) salary according to rank; (literary) an official's rank; (literary) order; orderliness; (literary) decade
- capital of a country (literary)
- to hold a concurrent post; part-time; (in academia) adjunct
- to go on or send a punitive expedition
- deputy
- Minister of War (official title in pre-Han Chinese states); two-character surname Sima
- History of the Former Han Dynasty, second of the 24 dynastic histories 二十四史[Er4 shi2 si4 Shi3], composed by Ban Gu 班固[Ban1 Gu4] in 82 during Eastern Han (later Han), 100 scrolls