- to substitute for; to take the place of; to replace; for; on behalf of; to stand in for
- teacher
- cautious; careful; solemnly; sincerely (formal)
- to press; to push; to leave aside or shelve; to control; to restrain; to keep one's hand on; to check or refer to; according to; in the light of; (of an editor or author) to make a comment
- Classic of Rites
- Confucius (551-479 BC), Chinese thinker and social philosopher, also known as 孔夫子[Kong3 fu1 zi3]
- 丧 sāng: 丧 sang1: mourning; funeral; (old) corpse丧 sàng: 丧 sang4: to lose sth abstract but important (courage, authority, one's life etc); to be bereaved of (one's spouse etc); to die; disappointed; discouraged
- disciple; follower; hanger-on (at an aristocrat's home)
- (bound form) to doubt; to suspect
- 昔 Xī: 昔 Xi1: surname Xi昔 xī: 昔 xi1: former times; the past; Taiwan pr. [xi2]
- Master (old form of address for teachers, scholars); (used sarcastically) pedant
- Yan Hui (521-481 BC), disciple of Confucius, also known as Yan Yuan 顏淵|颜渊[Yan2 Yuan1]
- 若 rùo: 若 ruo4: to seem; like; as; if若 rě: 若 re3: used in 般若[bo1 re3]; used in 蘭若|兰若[lan2 re3]
- 子 zi: 子 zi5: noun suffix, as in 椅子[yi3 zi5] "chair"子 zǐ: 子 zi3: son; child; seed; egg; small thing; 1st earthly branch: 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight, 11th solar month (7th December to 5th January), year of the rat; viscount, fourth of five orders of nobility 五等爵位[wu3 deng3 jue2 wei4]; ancient Chinese compass point: 0° (north); subsidiary; subordinate; (prefix) sub-
- and; as well as; and so; but (not); yet (not); (indicates causal relation); (indicates change of state); (indicates contrast)
- 无 mó: 无 mo2: used in 南無|南无[na1 mo2]无 wú: 无 wu2: not to have; no; none; not; to lack; un-; -less
- 服 fú: 服 fu2: clothes; dress; garment; to serve (in the military, a prison sentence etc); to obey; to be convinced (by an argument); to convince; to admire; to acclimatize; to take (medicine); mourning clothes; to wear mourning clothes服 fù: 服 fu4: classifier for medicine: dose; Taiwan pr. [fu2]
- to arrive; most; to; until
- Zi Lu (542-480 BC), disciple of Confucius 孔夫子[Kong3 fu1 zi3], also known as Ji Lu 季路[Ji4 Lu4]
- to ask; to invite; please (do sth); to treat (to a meal etc); to request
- as; as if; such as
- to be orphaned of one's father
- to live together (in a large group or flock)
- modern people
- to be; thus; so; therefore; then; only; thereupon
- 同 tòng: 同 tong4: used in 胡同[hu2 tong4]同 tóng: 同 tong2: like; same; similar; together; alike; with同 tòng: 同 tong4: used in 衚衕|胡同[hu2 tong4]
- 于 yú: 于 yu2: to go; to take; sentence-final interrogative particle于 Yú: 于 Yu2: surname Yu于 yú: 于 yu2: (of time or place) in; at; on; (indicating any indirect relation) to; toward; vis-à-vis; with regard to; for; (indicating a source) from; out of; (used in comparison) than; (used in the passive voice) by
- (bound form) father; (bound form) male relative of father's generation (as in 伯父[bo2 fu4]); (computing) (bound form) parent-
- already; since; both... (and...)
- no; not so; (bound form) not; un-
- 匡 kuāng: 匡 kuang1: (literary) to rectify; (literary) to assist; (coll.) to calculate roughly; to estimate匡 Kuāng: 匡 Kuang1: surname Kuang
- to gather together; to investigate; to entangle; to correct
- 云 yún: 云 yun2: (classical) to say云 yún: 云 yun2: cloud; CL:朵[duo3]云 Yún: 云 Yun2: surname Yun; short name for Yunnan 雲南|云南[Yun2 nan2]
- 谓 wèi: 谓 wei4: to speak; to say; to name; to designate; meaning; sense谓 Wèi: 谓 Wei4: surname Wei
- heart; mind; intention; center; core; CL:顆|颗[ke1],個|个[ge4]
- sorrowful
- (after a verb or adjective) one who (is) ...; (after a noun) person involved in ...; -er; -ist; (used after a number or 後|后[hou4] or 前[qian2] to refer to sth mentioned previously); (used after a term, to mark a pause before defining the term); (old) (used at the end of a command); (old) this
- 也 yě: 也 ye3: also; too; as well; (not ...) either; (used after a verbal or nominal expression X to indicate that X is an extreme or unexpected case) even (X); (literary) particle having functions similar to 啊[a5]也 Yě: 也 Ye3: surname Ye
- ordinary; commonplace; mundane; temporal; of the material world (as opposed to supernatural or immortal levels); every; all; whatever; altogether; gist; outline; note of Chinese musical scale
- 权 quán: 权 quan2: authority; power; right; (literary) to weigh; expedient; temporary权 Quán: 权 Quan2: surname Quan
- 戚 qī: 戚 qi1: grief; sorrow戚 Qī: 戚 Qi1: surname Qi戚 qī: 戚 qi1: (bound form) relatives; kin; (bound form) grief; sorrow; (old) battle-axe
- 门 mén: 门 men2: gate; door; doorway; gateway; opening (CL:扇[shan4]); valve; switch; other door-like or gate-like structure; way to do sth; knack; method; approach; family; household; lineage; (bound form) sect; school; faction (religious or academic); (bound form) class; category; division; phylum; classifier for courses, fields of study, branches of technology, relatives by marriage, guns etc; (suffix) -gate (scandal)门 Mén: 门 Men2: surname Men
- to have; there is; (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意[you3 yi4] intentional)