- 西北 Xī běi: 西北 Xi1 bei3: Northwest China (Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang)西北 xī běi: 西北 xi1 bei3: northwest
- 少 shǎo: 少 shao3: few; less; to lack; to be missing; to stop (doing sth); seldom少 shào: 少 shao4: young
- 能 néng: 能 neng2: can; to be able to; might possibly; ability; (physics) energy能 Néng: 能 Neng2: surname Neng
- to dispute; to debate; to argue; to discuss
- texture; grain (of wood); inner essence; intrinsic order; reason; logic; truth; science; natural science (esp. physics); to manage; to pay attention to; to run (affairs); to handle; to put in order; to tidy up
- (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的[de5]); him; her; it
- to learn; to study; to imitate; science; -ology
- reputation; declaration
- excessive; undue; to exceed; to be more than; very; extremely; (dialect) what; whatever (Taiwan pr. [shen2])
- 盛 shèng: 盛 sheng4: flourishing; vigorous; magnificent; extensively盛 Shèng: 盛 Sheng4: surname Sheng盛 chéng: 盛 cheng2: to hold; to contain; to ladle; to pick up with a utensil
- 官 guān: 官 guan1: government official; governmental; official; public; organ of the body; CL:個|个[ge4]官 Guān: 官 Guan1: surname Guan
- to arrive; most; to; until
- ministerial title in imperial China (in the Qin and Han dynasties, the minister responsible for the imperial stables)
- to loosen; to open
- translated text
- to bury
- mother
- once; already; former; previously; ever; (past tense marker used before verb or clause)
- then; at that time; in those days
- already
- 了 liǎo: 了 liao3: to finish; (used with 得[de2] or 不[bu4] after a verb to express (im)possibility, as in 忘不了[wang4 bu5 liao3] "cannot forget"); (literary) (usually followed by a negative such as 無|无[wu2] or 不[bu4]) completely (not); entirely (not); (not) in the least了 le: 了 le5: (completed action marker); (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now); (modal particle intensifying preceding clause)了 liǎo: 了 liao3: (of eyes) bright; clear-sighted; to understand clearly
- (of a relative) distant
- brother's son; nephew
- thus; consequently; as a result
- to participate in funeral procession; to attend a burial
- 都 dōu: 都 dou1: all; both; entirely; (used for emphasis) even; already; (not) at all都 Dū: 都 Du1: surname Du都 dū: 都 du1: capital city; metropolis
- 结 jié: 结 jie2: knot; sturdy; bond; to tie; to bind; to check out (of a hotel)结 jiē: 结 jie1: (of a plant) to produce (fruit or seeds); Taiwan pr. [jie2]
- 上 shǎng: 上 shang3: used in 上聲|上声[shang3 sheng1]上 shàng: 上 shang4: (bound form) up; upper; above; previous; first (of multiple parts); to climb; to get onto; to go up; to attend (class or university); (directional complement) up; (noun suffix) on; above
- 当时 dàng shí: 当时 dang4 shi2: immediately; right then当时 dāng shí: 当时 dang1 shi2: then; at that time
- to impeach (an official)
- to request; to require; requirement; to stake a claim; to ask; to demand; CL:點|点[dian3]
- 原 Yuán: 原 Yuan2: surname Yuan; (Japanese surname) Hara原 yuán: 原 yuan2: former; original; primary; raw; level; cause; source
- alone
- to give one's respects; to send a greeting; (fig.) (coll.) to make offensive reference to (somebody dear to the person to whom one is speaking)
- (third-person singular) (since the early 20th century, usu. male) he; him; his; (bound form) other; another; some other (as in 他日[ta1 ri4] and 他人[ta1 ren2])
- to think (about); to think of; to devise; to think (that); to believe (that); to desire; to want (to); to miss (feel wistful about the absence of)
- to request; to ask; request (CL:個|个[ge4])
- 你 nǐ: 你 ni3: you (informal, as opposed to courteous 您[nin2])你 nǐ: 你 ni3: you (Note: In Taiwan, 妳 is used to address females, but in mainland China, it is not commonly used. Instead, 你 is used to address both males and females.)
- hasn't yet; hasn't ever
- to make; to produce; to write; to compose; to do; to engage in; to hold (a party etc); (of a person) to be (an intermediary, a good student etc); to become (husband and wife, friends etc); (of a thing) to serve as; to be used for; to assume (an air or manner)
- subordinate; underling
- why?; for what reason?
- 要 yāo: 要 yao1: (bound form) to demand; to coerce要 yào: 要 yao4: to want; to need; to ask for; will; shall; about to; need to; should; if (same as 要是[yao4 shi5]); (bound form) important
- 呢 ne: 呢 ne5: (sentence-final particle) used in questions to link back to prior discourse or context ("what about...?", "and...?"); (sentence-final particle) indicating that a state or situation still holds; (discourse particle) used to mark a slight pause or emphasis in speech呢 ní: 呢 ni2: dense wool fabric (used for coats and jackets)
- everyone; influential family; great expert
- so much; this much; how much?; this way; like this
- I; me; my
- can; may; possible; able to; not bad; pretty good