- famous general; (sports) renowned athlete
- front; forward; ahead; first; top (followed by a number); future; ago; before; BC (e.g. 前293年); former; formerly
- 年 nián: 年 nian2: year; CL:個|个[ge4]年 Nián: 年 Nian2: surname Nian年 nián: 年 nian2: grain; harvest (old)
- to attack; to accuse; to study; (LGBT) top
- to extinguish or put out; to go out (of a fire etc); to exterminate or wipe out; to drown
- Qi state of Western Zhou and the Warring states (1122-265 BC), centered in Shandong
- to bow to; to pay one's respects; (bound form) to extend greetings (on a specific occasion); to make a courtesy call; (bound form) (of a monarch) to appoint sb to (a position) by performing a ceremony; to acknowledge sb as one's (master, godfather etc); (used before some verbs to indicate politeness)
- 为 wèi: 为 wei4: because of; for; to为 wéi: 为 wei2: as (in the capacity of); to take sth as; to act as; to serve as; to behave as; to become; to be; to do; by (in the passive voice)
- inside; inner; internal; within; interior
- 史 shǐ: 史 shi3: history; annals; title of an official historian in ancient China史 Shǐ: 史 Shi3: surname Shi
- to unify; to integrate; unified; integrated
- 六 lìu: 六 liu4: six; 6六 lù: 六 lu4: used in place names
- 国 gúo: 国 guo2: country; nation; state; (bound form) national国 Gúo: 国 Guo2: surname Guo
- 后 Hòu: 后 Hou4: surname Hou后 hòu: 后 hou4: empress; queen; (archaic) monarch; ruler后 hòu: 后 hou4: back; behind; rear; afterwards; after; later; post-
- (third-person singular) (since the early 20th century, usu. male) he; him; his; (bound form) other; another; some other (as in 他日[ta1 ri4] and 他人[ta1 ren2])
- to beat back; to repel
- Xiongnu, a people of the Eastern Steppe who created an empire that flourished around the time of the Qin and Han dynasties
- to recover (lost territory etc); to recapture
- see 河南省[He2 nan2 Sheng3]; see 河南蒙古族自治縣|河南蒙古族自治县[He2 nan2 Meng2 gu3 zu2 Zi4 zhi4 xian4]
- 地 dì: 地 di4: earth; ground; field; place; land; CL:片[pian4]地 de: 地 de5: -ly; structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to preceding modifying adverbial adjunct
- see 內蒙古自治區|内蒙古自治区[Nei4 meng3 gu3 Zi4 zhi4 qu1]
- 河套 hé tào: 河套 he2 tao4: river bend河套 Hé tào: 河套 He2 tao4: the Great Bend of the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia
- region; area
- to build
- the Great Wall
- to garrison the border; to guard the frontier; exile to a border garrison post
- to invade
- excessive; undue; to exceed; to be more than; very; extremely; (dialect) what; whatever (Taiwan pr. [shen2])
- to receive; to accept; to suffer; subjected to; to bear; to stand; pleasant; (passive marker); (LGBT) bottom
- senior; of a senior generation; to honor; to respect; honorific; classifier for cannons and statues; ancient wine vessel
- to love; to pamper; to spoil; to favor
- Qin Ershi (229-207 BC), second Qin emperor
- 立 lì: 立 li4: to stand; to set up; to establish; to lay down; to draw up; at once; immediately立 Lì: 立 Li4: surname Li
- to force; to compel; to coerce
- to kill oneself; to commit suicide; to attempt suicide
- translated text
- Classic of Rites
- 上 shàng: 上 shang4: (bound form) up; upper; above; previous; first (of multiple parts); to climb; to get onto; to go up; to attend (class or university); (directional complement) up; (noun suffix) on; above上 shǎng: 上 shang3: used in 上聲|上声[shang3 sheng1]
- 说 shùi: 说 shui4: to persuade说 shūo: 说 shuo1: to speak; to talk; to say; to explain; to comment; to scold; to tell off; (bound form) theory; doctrine
- to have; there is; (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意[you3 yi4] intentional)
- 和 hé: 和 he2: (joining two nouns) and; together with; with (Taiwan pr. [han4]); (math.) sum; to make peace; (sports) to draw; to tie; (bound form) harmonious; (bound form) Japan; Japanese和 hè: 和 he4: to compose a poem in reply (to sb's poem) using the same rhyme sequence; to join in the singing; to chime in with others和 hú: 和 hu2: to complete a set in mahjong or playing cards和 húo: 和 huo2: to combine a powdery substance (flour, plaster etc) with water; Taiwan pr. [huo4]和 hùo: 和 huo4: to mix (ingredients) together; to blend; classifier for rinses of clothes; classifier for boilings of medicinal herbs和 Hé: 和 He2: surname He
- same; like; equal to; the same as; just like
- now; at present; currently
- two; both; some; a few; tael, unit of weight equal to 50 grams (modern) or 1⁄16 of a catty 斤[jin1] (old)