- surname Zou; vassal state during the Zhou Dynasty (1046–256 BC) in the southeast of Shandong
- 薛 Xuē: 薛 Xue1: surname Xue; vassal state during the Zhou Dynasty (1046–256 BC)薛 xuē: 薛 xue1: wormwood like grass (classical)
- 困 kùn: 困 kun4: to trap; to surround; hard-pressed; stranded; destitute困 kùn: 困 kun4: sleepy; tired
- (literary) dangerous; perilous; (literary) almost; well-nigh
- excessive; undue; to exceed; to be more than; very; extremely; (dialect) what; whatever (Taiwan pr. [shen2])
- to retreat; to withdraw; to reject; to return (sth); to decline
- 与 yǔ: 与 yu3: (formal) and; together with (linking parallel nouns, verbs, or phrases); (formal) with; from (marking the other participant in an interaction, comparison, or contrast, e.g. 與他握手|与他握手[yu3 ta1 wo4 shou3] "shake hands with him", 與去年不同|与去年不同[yu3 qu4 nian2 bu4 tong2] "different from last year"); (literary) to give; to grant; to bestow与 yù: 与 yu4: to take part in
- 徒 Tú: 徒 Tu2: surname Tu徒 tú: 徒 tu2: (bound form) disciple; apprentice; believer; (derog.) wrongdoer (as in 騙徒|骗徒[pian4 tu2] "swindler" or 叛徒[pan4 tu2] "traitor" etc); (bound form) on foot; (bound form) bare; empty; (bound form) to no avail; in vain; (bound form) merely; just; only; (bound form) prison sentence
- (bound form) order; sequence; (bound form) introductory; initial; preface
- 诗 shī: 诗 shi1: poem; CL:首[shou3]; poetry; verse诗 Shī: 诗 Shi1: abbr. for Shijing 詩經|诗经[Shi1 jing1], the Book of Songs
- 书 shū: 书 shu1: book; letter; document; CL:本[ben3],冊|册[ce4],部[bu4]; to write书 Shū: 书 Shu1: abbr. for 書經|书经[Shu1 jing1]
- courtesy name for Confucius 孔夫子[Kong3 fu1 zi3]
- (bound form) idea; thought; meaning; sense; (bound form) intention; feeling; inclination; state of mind; (bound form) Italy (abbr. for 意大利[Yi4 da4 li4])
- 作 zùo: 作 zuo4: to do; to engage in; to write; to compose; to pretend; to feign; to regard as; to consider to be; to be; to act the part of; to feel (itchy, nauseous etc); writings; works作 zūo: 作 zuo1: (bound form) worker; (bound form) workshop; (slang) troublesome; high-maintenance (person)
- 中 zhòng: 中 zhong4: to hit (a target); to be struck by (a bullet, illness etc); to win (a prize or lottery)中 zhōng: 中 zhong1: within; among; in; middle; center; while (doing sth); during; (dialect) OK; all right中 Zhōng: 中 Zhong1: (bound form) China; Chinese; surname Zhong
- outside; in addition; foreign; external
- sage ruler
- to abandon restraint; to do as one pleases; comfortable (dialect)
- 杨 Yáng: 杨 Yang2: surname Yang杨 yáng: 杨 yang2: poplar
- 朱 Zhū: 朱 Zhu1: surname Zhu朱 zhū: 朱 zhu1: vermilion朱 zhū: 朱 zhu1: (bound form) cinnabar
- 墨 mò: 墨 mo4: ink stick; China ink; CL:塊|块[kuai4]; corporal punishment consisting of tattooing characters on the victim's forehead墨 Mò: 墨 Mo4: surname Mo; abbr. for 墨西哥[Mo4 xi1 ge1], Mexico
- 翟 Dí: 翟 Di2: surname Di翟 dí: 翟 di2: long-tail pheasant翟 Zhái: 翟 Zhai2: surname Zhai
- full; filled; surplus
- land under heaven; the whole world; the whole of China; realm; rule
- 无 mó: 无 mo2: used in 南無|南无[na1 mo2]无 wú: 无 wu2: not to have; no; none; not; to lack; un-; -less
- "universal love", principle advocated by Mozi 墨子[Mo4 zi3], stressing that people should care for everyone equally
- birds and animals; creature; beast (brutal person)
- continually; without a break; ceaselessly
- 著 zhe: 著 zhe5: aspect particle indicating action in progress or ongoing state著 zhāo: 著 zhao1: a move in chess (Taiwan pr. [zhuo2]); trick; tactic; (dialect) okay; all right; (dialect) to put in; to add著 zháo: 著 zhao2: to touch; to come in contact with; to feel; to be affected by; to catch fire; to burn; (coll.) to fall asleep; (after a verb) hitting the mark; succeeding in著 zhúo: 著 zhuo2: to wear (clothes); to contact; to use; to apply著 zhù: 著 zhu4: to make known; to show; to prove; to write; book; outstanding著 zhúo: 著 zhuo2: used in 執著|执著[zhi2 zhuo2]
- harmful teachings; evil doctrine
- to accuse falsely
- 民 mín: 民 min2: (bound form) the people; inhabitants of a country民 Mín: 民 Min2: surname Min
- congestion; to block; to congest; to crowd; to choke; to cram; to fill up; to stuff; to take up all the space
- 仁义 rén yì: 仁义 ren2 yi4: benevolence and righteousness仁义 rén yi: 仁义 ren2 yi5: affable and even-tempered
- lit. to lead beasts to eat the people (idiom); fig. tyrannical government oppresses the people
- 食 sì: 食 si4: to feed (a person or animal)食 shí: 食 shi2: to eat; food; animal feed; eclipse
- for this reason; with regards to this; in this respect; in order to do this; to this end
- to fear
- 闲 xián: 闲 xian2: enclosure; unoccupied; leisure闲 xián: 闲 xian2: idle; unoccupied; leisure
- beforehand; first; earlier; at first; originally; for the time being; for now; (prefix) my late (in referring to deceased relatives older than oneself)
- to be at a distance of ... from; to be apart from; (bound form) distance; spur (on the leg of certain birds: gamecock, pheasant etc)