- to withdraw; to pull back; to contract; to shrink; to reduce; abbreviation; also pr. [su4]
- wine (esp. rice wine); liquor; spirits; alcoholic beverage; CL:杯[bei1],瓶[ping2],罐[guan4],桶[tong3],缸[gang1]
- I (first person pronoun used by royalty or nobility)
- punitive expedition to the south
- few; scant; widowed
- to dare; daring; (polite) may I venture
- 给 jǐ: 给 ji3: to supply; to provide给 gěi: 给 gei3: to; for; for the benefit of; to give; to allow; to do sth (for sb); (grammatical equivalent of 被); (grammatical equivalent of 把); (sentence intensifier)
- namely; that is; i.e.; prompt; at once; at present; even if; prompted (by the occasion); to approach; to come into contact; to assume (office); to draw near
- the state of Chu, one of the most important of the small states contending for power in China between 770 and 223 BC, located around present-day Hubei
- special local product; (regional) specialty
- plant; vegetation; CL:種|种[zhong3]
- 叶 xié: 叶 xie2: to be in harmony叶 Yè: 叶 Ye4: surname Ye叶 yè: 叶 ye4: leaf; page; lobe; (historical) period; classifier for small boats
- to have; there is; (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意[you3 yi4] intentional)
- (bound form) spine; backbone; (bound form) ridge
- gas; air; smell; weather; to make angry; to annoy; to get angry; vital energy; qi
- fragrance; fragrant
- to use in; to use on; to use for
- to offer sacrifices to the gods or ancestors
- 时 shí: 时 shi2: o'clock; time; when; hour; season; period时 Shí: 时 Shi2: surname Shi
- to strain; to filter
- 僖 xī: 僖 xi1: cautious; merry; joyful僖 Xī: 僖 Xi1: surname Xi
- this matter
- detailed; in detail; minute
- to write down; to record; written account
- 姬 jī: 姬 ji1: woman; concubine; female entertainer (archaic)姬 Jī: 姬 Ji1: surname Ji; family name of the royal family of the Zhou Dynasty 周代[Zhou1 dai4] (1046–256 BC)
- 策 cè: 策 ce4: policy; plan; scheme; bamboo slip for writing (old); to whip (a horse); to encourage; riding crop with sharp spines (old); essay written for the imperial examinations (old); upward horizontal stroke in calligraphy策 Cè: 策 Ce4: surname Ce
- to confirm; to verify; confirmation
- 了 liǎo: 了 liao3: to finish; (used with 得[de2] or 不[bu4] after a verb to express (im)possibility, as in 忘不了[wang4 bu5 liao3] "cannot forget"); (literary) (usually followed by a negative such as 無|无[wu2] or 不[bu4]) completely (not); entirely (not); (not) in the least了 le: 了 le5: (completed action marker); (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now); (modal particle intensifying preceding clause)了 liǎo: 了 liao3: (of eyes) bright; clear-sighted; to understand clearly
- a powerful chief of the princes of the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC); overlord; hegemon
- thirty-first year A7 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1954 or 2014
- to weigh; weight; measure
- 雍 Yōng: 雍 Yong1: surname Yong雍 yōng: 雍 yong1: harmony
- imperial palace
- forty-fourth year D8 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1967 or 2027
- to offer; to present; to dedicate; to donate; to show; to put on display; worthy person (old)
- to take prisoner; prisoner of war
- team of 4 horses
- to introduce; to lie between; between; shell; armor
- 徒 tú: 徒 tu2: (bound form) disciple; apprentice; believer; (derog.) wrongdoer (as in 騙徒|骗徒[pian4 tu2] "swindler" or 叛徒[pan4 tu2] "traitor" etc); (bound form) on foot; (bound form) bare; empty; (bound form) to no avail; in vain; (bound form) merely; just; only; (bound form) prison sentence徒 Tú: 徒 Tu2: surname Tu
- soldiers; a force; an army; weapons; arms; military; warlike; CL:個|个[ge4]
- 千 qiān: 千 qian1: thousand千 qiān: 千 qian1: used in 鞦韆|秋千[qiu1 qian1]
- 傅 fù: 傅 fu4: (bound form) instructor; (literary) to instruct; to attach; to apply (makeup etc)傅 Fù: 傅 Fu4: surname Fu
- to use; to make use of; to employ; (coverb) with; using; to need; to have to (usu. used in the negative or in questions); usefulness; utility; (bound form) expense; outlay; (courteous) to eat; to drink; (literary) hence; therefore