- how? (emphatic question)
- Mr Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals, attributed to famous blind historian Zuo Qiuming 左丘明[Zuo3 Qiu1 ming2]; usually called Zuo Zhuan 左傳|左传[Zuo3 Zhuan4]
- to be abbreviated to; abbreviation; short form
- Zuo Zhuan or Tsochuan, Mr Zuo's Annals or Mr Zuo's commentary on 春秋[Chun1 qiu1], early history c. 400 BC attributed to famous blind historian Zuo Qiuming 左丘明[Zuo3 Qiu1 ming2]
- Zuo Qiuming or Zuoqiu Ming (556-451), famous blind historian from Lu 魯國|鲁国[Lu3 guo2] to whom the history Zuo Zhuan 左傳|左传[Zuo3 Zhuan4] is attributed
- nature; characteristic; CL:個|个[ge4]
- to keep a record of events; record; to start to form memories (after one's infancy)
- tip; end; final stage; latter part; inessential detail; powder; dust; opera role of old man
- to add; to attach; to be close to; to be attached
- to mourn; to lament
- writings; writing style
- (of descriptions, writing etc) vivid; lively
- to collapse; to fall into ruins; death of king or emperor; demise
- gaiety; gladness; glee; merriment; pleasure; happy; joyous; gay
- 越 Yuè: 越 Yue4: generic word for peoples or states of south China or south Asia at different historical periods; abbr. for Vietnam 越南越 yuè: 越 yue4: to exceed; to climb over; to surpass; the more... the more
- next; later; after that
- old; opposite: new 新; former; worn (with age)
- 许 xǔ: 许 xu3: to allow; to permit; to promise; to praise; somewhat; perhaps许 Xǔ: 许 Xu3: surname Xu
- father's elder brother; term of respect for older man; CL:個|个[ge4]
- residence; (coll.) to stay in at home; to hang around at home
- to extinguish or put out; to go out (of a fire etc); to exterminate or wipe out; to drown
- once more; once again
- surname Jian
- Peng Zu (legendary figure of Taoism who lived 800 years)
- small; tiny; few; young
- Qi state of Western Zhou and the Warring states (1122-265 BC), centered in Shandong
- to be on the throne; to reign; to hold a particular leadership position
- statute; constitution
- period of time; time; time period; period; CL:個|个[ge4]
- many times; repeatedly
- to convene; to call together
- meetings conducted by rulers in feudal China for the purpose of formalizing alliances, finalizing treaties
- reality; practice; practical; realistic; real; actual
- leader
- to establish; to institute
- Eastern Zhou (770-221 BC)
- surname Cai
- to take advantage of a favorable situation; to seize an opportunity
- to send troops
- Guan Zhong (-645 BC), famous politician of Qi 齊國|齐国 of Spring and Autumn period; known as Guangzi 管子
- my late father; my ancestors; the late emperor
- grand duke; impartial