- founder; creator
- creative; creativity
- botanist
- preceding period; early stage
- to be frightened; fear; dread
- Aachen, city in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany; Aix-la-Chapelle
- to consider; to give serious consideration to sth; consideration
- middle ranking officer in Chinese army; lieutenant colonel; commander
- to vow; to pledge; to swear
- pacifism
- basic; fundamental; main; elementary
- (so as) to avoid; to prevent; (just) in case
- to capture; to seize; to occupy by force
- eye-catching
- (name) Philip
- silversmith
- Baptists
- has its origins in
- to immerse; to soak; to steep; gradually
- to accept; to receive
- to soak; to dip
- friendly affection; fraternal love
- to resign; to quit
- to take part in an election; to run for office
- to overflow; to spill over; (computing) overflow
- heat; quantity of heat; calorific value
- loss; depletion; wastage; wear and tear; to incur loss; to waste; to consume (energy etc); (in engineering) loss (of energy, signal strength etc)
- tradition; traditional
- warm
- one-quarter
- (of skills etc) to die out; lost; extinct
- to differ
- 夏 Xià: 夏 Xia4: the Xia or Hsia dynasty c. 2000 BC; Xia of the Sixteen Kingdoms (407–432); surname Xia夏 xià: 夏 xia4: summer
- profane; secular; worldly
- to have as its purpose; to be intended to; to aim to (do sth)
- total (amount or value)