- to calculate; to reckon; to extrapolate (in calculation)
- groundwater
- 文 Wén: 文 Wen2: surname Wen文 wén: 文 wen2: language; culture; writing; formal; literary; gentle; (old) classifier for coins; Kangxi radical 67
- wonderful; marvelous; intriguing; mysterious; strange
- to explore; to survey; to prospect (for oil etc); prospecting
- geologist
- to bore; to burrow; to crawl through a tunnel
- difficult; challenging; straitened circumstances; difficult situation
- 洞 dòng: 洞 dong4: cave; hole; zero (unambiguous spoken form when spelling out numbers); CL:個|个[ge4]洞 tóng: 洞 tong2: used in 洪洞[Hong2 tong2] (the name of a place in Shanxi)
- (manufacturing, production etc) costs
- direction of a current; direction of flow; to flow toward
- texture; background (texture); grain; quality; character; disposition
- to have as a feature or characteristic; to have an element of (confidence, sweetness, malevolence etc); to carry (a pathogen, connotation etc)
- copper (chemistry); see also 紅銅|红铜[hong2 tong2]; CL:塊|块[kuai4]
- tin (chemistry); to bestow; to confer; to grant; Taiwan pr. [xi2]
- to change route; to divert (a road or a watercourse)
- 挡 dàng: 挡 dang4: to arrange; to put in order挡 dǎng: 挡 dang3: to resist; to obstruct; to hinder; to keep off; to block (a blow); to get in the way of; cover; gear (e.g. in a car's transmission)
- to ascertain; to act on; to criticize; to pass on; classifier for batches, lots, military flights; tier (for the ranking of universities and colleges)
- budget
- to die of an illness
- to despise; to look down on; to feel contempt for
- to spit; (onom.) pshaw!; (old) to sip
- reliable; trustworthy
- 开封 kāi fēng: 开封 kai1 feng1: to open (sth that has been sealed)开封 Kāi fēng: 开封 Kai1 feng1: see 開封市|开封市[Kai1 feng1 Shi4]
- to pile up; (bound form) repeated; to fold; classifier: stack, pile (of thin objects); classifier for repeated sections in a musical composition
- one-quarter
- to pile up; to stack; a pile; a stack
- palace; CL:座[zuo4]
- to overlap; to superimpose; to telescope; to run together; to duplicate; one over another; superposition; an overlap; redundancy; reduplication (in Chinese grammar, e.g. 散散步[san4 san4 bu4] to have a stroll)
- in total; altogether
- Yellow River or Huang He
- to overflow; to inundate; to flood; (fig.) to proliferate unchecked
- silt
- frequently; often
- to bury
- see 新城區|新城区[Xin1 cheng2 Qu1]; see 新城鄉|新城乡[Xin1 cheng2 Xiang1]
- similar; analogous
- height above sea level; elevation
- grit
- to subside; to cave in; subsidence
- all black, no daylight (idiom); a world without justice