- old; opposite: new 新; former; worn (with age)
- to become; to turn into
- whole nation; nationwide; countrywide; national
- to count as number one (idiom); second to none; outstanding
- military strength; military force(s)
- unusual; special; very; especially; particularly; expressly; for a specific purpose; (often followed by 是[shi4]) in particular
- to reach; to arrive; to leave for; to go to; to (a place); until (a time); up to (a point); (verb complement indicating arriving at a place or reaching a point); considerate; thoughtful; thorough
- domestic; internal (to a country); civil
- 曾 zēng: 曾 zeng1: great- (grandfather, grandchild etc)曾 céng: 曾 ceng2: once; already; ever (in the past); former; previously; (past tense marker used before verb or clause)曾 Zēng: 曾 Zeng1: surname Zeng
- to organize; organization; (biology) tissue; (textiles) weave; CL:個|个[ge4]
- 秋 Qīu: 秋 Qiu1: surname Qiu秋 qīu: 秋 qiu1: autumn; fall; harvest time秋 qīu: 秋 qiu1: used in 鞦韆|秋千[qiu1 qian1]
- to grasp; to hold; to operate; to manage; to control; to steer; to exercise; to drill (practice); to play; to speak (a language)
- finger; to point at or to; to indicate or refer to; to depend on; to count on; (of hair) to stand on end
- autumn; fall
- military exercise; war game
- scale; scope; extent
- 中 Zhōng: 中 Zhong1: (bound form) China; Chinese; surname Zhong中 zhōng: 中 zhong1: within; among; in; middle; center; while (doing sth); during; (dialect) OK; all right中 zhòng: 中 zhong4: to hit (a target); to be struck by (a bullet, illness etc); to win (a prize or lottery)
- to give rise to; to lead to; to cause; to arouse
- domestic and international; at home and abroad
- public opinion
- to pay close attention (to sth)
- United Kingdom (UK); Britain
- stationed in China; located in China
- minister; diplomat performing ambassadorial role in Qing times, before regular diplomatic relations
- 看 kàn: 看 kan4: to see; to look at; to read; to watch; to visit; to call on; to consider; to regard as; to look after; to treat (a patient or illness); to depend on; to feel (that); (after a verb) to give it a try; to watch out for看 kān: 看 kan1: to look after; to take care of; to watch; to guard
- to finish; to be over; whole; complete; entire
- 后 hòu: 后 hou4: empress; queen; (archaic) monarch; ruler后 Hòu: 后 Hou4: surname Hou后 hòu: 后 hou4: back; behind; rear; afterwards; after; later; post-
- to meet with (sb who is paying a visit); CL:次[ci4]
- the Qing court (as government of China)
- chancellor (of a monarchy); cabinet minister
- 时 shí: 时 shi2: o'clock; time; when; hour; season; period时 Shí: 时 Shi2: surname Shi
- to speak bluntly (idiom); not to mince words
- military affairs; (attributive) military
- only
- 新建 xīn jiàn: 新建 xin1 jian4: new construction; newly built新建 Xīn jiàn: 新建 Xin1 jian4: see 新建區|新建区[Xin1 jian4 Qu1]
- army; ground forces
- and; as well as; and so; but (not); yet (not); (indicates causal relation); (indicates change of state); (indicates contrast)
- command; commander-in-chief
- 袁 Yuán: 袁 Yuan2: surname Yuan袁 yuán: 袁 yuan2: long robe (old)
- governor-general; viceroy; governor
- adult; grownup; title of respect toward superiors
- cause; reason; because
- (idiom) to rise to fame
- not just; not limited to; (as a correlative conjunction) not only (..., but also ...)
- 还 Huán: 还 Huan2: surname Huan还 hái: 还 hai2: still; still in progress; still more; yet; even more; in addition; fairly; passably (good); as early as; even; also; else还 huán: 还 huan2: to pay back; to return
- to comprise; to include; to involve; to incorporate; to consist of
- to hold a governmental office or post; to assume office of; to take charge of; to serve as