- memorial to the emperor (folded in accordion form)
- (bound form) respectful; to respect; to offer politely
- in proper sequence
- to doubt (sth); to be skeptical of; to have one's doubts; to harbor suspicions; to suspect that
- prescription (medicine)
- (of Taoists) to practice austerities; to practice asceticism
- the top and bottom of sth; the full vertical extent of sth; from top to bottom; to go up and down; before and after (as in 上下文[shang4 xia4 wen2] "context"); (used after a quantity) approximately; ... or so; (in a social hierarchy) the high and the low; seniors and juniors (as in 上下和睦[shang4 xia4 he2 mu4] "harmony between superiors and subordinates"); all members of a group (as in 舉國上下|举国上下[ju3 guo2 shang4 xia4] "the entire nation"); relative superiority (as in 不相上下[bu4 xiang1 shang4 xia4] "evenly matched")
- to search for sth; to seek; to quest; to explore
- officialdom; bureaucracy
- twelve; 12
- (bound form) to confer; to bestow; to grant; (literary) gift; favor; Taiwan pr. [si4]
- 2nd rank of candidates who passed the imperial examination (i.e. 4th place and up)
- Ministry of Works (in imperial China)
- to arrive; arrival; advent
- form of government
- fine tuning; trimming
- to change; to alter; to transform
- 废 fèi: 废 fei4: to abolish; to abandon; to abrogate; to discard; to depose; to oust; crippled; abandoned; waste废 fèi: 废 fei4: disabled
- to reinforce; to strengthen; to enhance
- centralized power (history), e.g. under an Emperor or party
- court eunuch; palace eunuch
- to ascertain; to act on; to criticize; to pass on; classifier for batches, lots, military flights; tier (for the ranking of universities and colleges)
- 红 Hóng: 红 Hong2: surname Hong红 gōng: 红 gong1: used in 女紅|女红[nu : 3 gong1]红 hóng: 红 hong2: red; popular; revolutionary; bonus
- ticket; ballot; banknote; CL:張|张[zhang1]; person held for ransom; amateur performance of Chinese opera; classifier for groups, batches, business transactions
- 拟 nǐ: 拟 ni3: doubtful; suspicious; to emulate; to imitate拟 nǐ: 拟 ni3: to plan to; to draft (a plan); to imitate; to assess; to compare; pseudo-
- to put in place; to put into practice; to take effect
- model; fine example
- secretary
- five; 5
- official rank
- lazy
- to undertake; to assume (responsibility etc)
- heavy responsibility
- in fact; in reality; as a matter of fact; in practice
- 杨 yáng: 杨 yang2: poplar杨 Yáng: 杨 Yang2: surname Yang
- humane; kernel
- 宣 Xuān: 宣 Xuan1: surname Xuan宣 xuān: 宣 xuan1: to declare (publicly); to announce
- important official or statesman (in feudal China)