- to originate; to initiate; to launch (an attack, an initiative etc); to start; to propose sth (for the first time)
- to oppose; to be against; to object to
- thousand articles, same rule (idiom); stereotyped and repetitive; once you've seen one, you've seen them all
- an essay in eight parts; stereotyped writing
- to improve (sth); to reform (a system)
- to surround; to circle; to revolve around
- see 茶陵縣|茶陵县[Cha2 ling2 Xian4]
- to oppose each other with equal harshness (idiom); tit for tat; measure for measure
- proud; arrogant; to despise; unyielding; to defy
- to look askance at
- 历数 lì shù: 历数 li4 shu4: (literary) movements of celestial bodies; destiny; calendar system历数 lì shǔ: 历数 li4 shu3: to enumerate; to count (one by one)
- empress; imperial consort
- crane
- age; length of experience, membership etc
- charges or facts about a crime; the nature of the offense
- for this reason; with regards to this; in this respect; in order to do this; to this end
- to lose one's life; to get killed
- to be released from prison
- on the street; in town
- ache; pain; sorrow; deeply; thoroughly
- 加 Jiā: 加 Jia1: Canada (abbr. for 加拿大[Jia1 na2 da4]); surname Jia加 jiā: 加 jia1: to add; (math.) plus; to increase; to augment; (used before a disyllabic verb, often after an adverb like 不[bu4], 大[da4], 稍[shao1] etc, to indicate that the action applies to sth previously mentioned, as in 稍加改良[shao1 jia1 gai3 liang2] "make some minor improvements to (it)")
- to scold
- horsewhip
- to shoot down (a plane)
- tooth; dental; CL:顆|颗[ke1]
- servant
- chamber pot
- to attend a banquet
- unexpectedly; actually; to go so far as to; indeed
- dissatisfied; discontented; resentful; (before a number) to be less than
- loftily; proudly; unyieldingly
- to disdain to do sth; to think sth not worth doing; to feel it beneath one's dignity
- capital (economics)
- literary circles
- dead atmosphere; lifeless; spiritless
- hard to endure; unbearable
- writing style (formal); to send an official written communication
- emotion; sentiment; affection; feelings between two persons
- sincere; sincerity
- to be treasured; praiseworthy
- to speak one's mind
- to critique; to voice concerns about; ancient form of acupuncture using sharp stones as needles
- current trends; the present situation; how things are going
- to stir up emotions; furious; angry; anger
- 侯 hòu: 侯 hou4: used in 閩侯|闽侯[Min3 hou4] (the name of a place in Fujian)侯 hóu: 侯 hou2: marquis, second of the five orders of ancient Chinese nobility 五等爵位[wu3 deng3 jue2 wei4]; nobleman; high official侯 Hóu: 侯 Hou2: surname Hou