- direct (opposite: indirect 間接|间接[jian4 jie1]); immediate; straightforward
- royal family; imperial household; member of the royal family
- ancient books or records
- in no way; not in the least; absolutely not
- 外传 wài zhuàn: 外传 wai4 zhuan4: unofficial biography (as opposed to official dynastic biography)外传 wài chuán: 外传 wai4 chuan2: to tell others (a secret); to divulge to an outsider; to be rumored
- to conserve; to preserve; to keep; to store; (computing) to save (a file etc)
- translator (of writing)
- foreigner
- Imperial Hanlin Academy, lasting from Tang dynasty until 1911
- clean
- to compile; to compose
- (literary) exemplary; virtuous
- a text (article, script, contract etc); version of a text (copy, translation, abridged version etc); (computing) text
- Mongolian (language)
- reader; an instructional book
- translation (translated version of a text)
- Ming Chengzu, temple name of third Ming Emperor Yongle 永樂|永乐[Yong3 le4]
- Yongle Emperor, reign name of third Ming emperor Zhu Di 朱棣[Zhu1 Di4] (1360-1424), reigned 1403-1424, temple name 明成祖[Ming2 Cheng2 zu3]
- ceremony; collection of classical writings
- version; edition; release
- many and varied; of many different kinds
- sinologist; scholar of Chinese
- enthusiastic; ardent; zealous
- Frenchman; French person
- German person or people
- Heinrich Heine (1797-1856), German lyric poet
- jade-like stone
- to devote oneself to; to work toward (often followed by 於|于[yu2])
- to restore to the original state; to reconstruct (an event); reduction (chemistry)
- century
- 现代 Xiàn dài: 现代 Xian4 dai4: Hyundai, South Korean company现代 xiàn dài: 现代 xian4 dai4: modern times; modern age; modern era
- Mongolian language
- first; original; primitive; original (document etc)
- development; growth; to develop; to grow; to expand
- to write; literary work; book; article; writings; CL:部[bu4]
- Buick
- 帖 tiè: 帖 tie4: rubbing from incised inscription帖 tiē: 帖 tie1: fitting snugly; appropriate; suitable; to paste; to obey帖 tiě: 帖 tie3: invitation card; notice