- misfortune; adversity; unfortunate; sad; unfortunately; CL:個|个[ge4]
- (used to stress that sth did not turn out as one might have expected) did not actually ...; has not actually ...
- to bring; (fig.) to bring about; to produce
- the ways of the world; the morals of the time
- to last forever; eternal; enduring
- after all; to investigate; to study carefully; Taiwan pr. [jiu4]
- fear; to dread; I'm afraid that...; perhaps; maybe
- (idiom) just passable; barely satisfactory
- 洪 hóng: 洪 hong2: flood; big; great洪 Hóng: 洪 Hong2: surname Hong
- 杨 yáng: 杨 yang2: poplar杨 Yáng: 杨 Yang2: surname Yang
- in confusion or disorder; in a confused state of mind; disorder; upheaval; riot; illicit sexual relations; to throw into disorder; to mix up; indiscriminate; random; arbitrary
- 属 shǔ: 属 shu3: category; genus (taxonomy); family members; dependents; to belong to; subordinate to; affiliated with; be born in the year of (one of the 12 animals); to be; to prove to be; to constitute属 zhǔ: 属 zhu3: to join together; to fix one's attention on; to concentrate on
- opinions differ (idiom)
- matter; thing; item; work; affair; CL:件[jian4],樁|桩[zhuang1],回[hui2]
- if
- Qing government (1644-1911)
- Han Chinese person or people
- to come to power; to hold power; in office
- letter; mail; CL:封[feng1]; to trust; to believe; to profess faith in; truthful; confidence; trust; at will; at random
- Confucius (551-479 BC), Chinese thinker and social philosopher, also known as 孔子[Kong3 zi3]
- God
- to impel; to carry forward; to push on; to advance; to drive forward
- Qin Dynasty (221-207 BC)
- Li Si (c. 280-208 BC), Legalist philosopher, calligrapher and prime minister of Qin kingdom and Qin dynasty from 246 to 208 BC
- Song Dynasty (960-1279); also Song of Southern dynasties 南朝宋 (420-479)
- Wang Anshi (1021-1086), Song dynasty politician and writer, one of the Eight Giants 唐宋八大家
- 明朝 Míng cháo: 明朝 Ming2 chao2: Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)明朝 míng zhāo: 明朝 ming2 zhao1: tomorrow morning; the following morning
- Zhang Juzheng (1525-1582), Grand Secretary during the Ming dynasty, credited with bringing the dynasty to its apogee
- source; precursor; forerunner
- one's contributions cannot go unnoticed (idiom)
- (idiom) to assess merit and confer rewards
- meritorious official; person who renders exceptional service; hero; (fig.) sth that plays a vital role
- disciple; follower
- to say again; to put off a discussion until later; moreover; what's more; besides
- lit. to fly one's banner on a solitary tree (idiom); fig. to act as a loner; to stand out; to develop one's own school; to have attitude of one's own
- originality
- to make a contribution; to establish; to found; contribution
- 分 fèn: 分 fen4: part; share; ingredient; component分 fēn: 分 fen1: to divide; to separate; to distribute; to allocate; to distinguish (good and bad); (bound form) branch of (an organization); sub- (as in 分局[fen1 ju2]); fraction; one tenth (of certain units); unit of length equivalent to 0.33 cm; minute (unit of time); minute (angular measurement unit); a point (in sports or games); 0.01 yuan (unit of money)
- to win; to gain
- to revere; to venerate; high esteem
- in the final analysis; in the end
- meritorious deed or service; achievement; result; service; accomplishment; work (physics)
- words; speech; to say; to talk