- land under heaven; the whole world; the whole of China; realm; rule
- subject (of a kingdom, ruler etc)
- dawn; daybreak; to know; to let sb know; to make explicit
- correct; right; so; thus; like this; -ly
- relation; relationship; to concern; to affect; to have to do with; guanxi; CL:個|个[ge4]
- great; important; major; significant
- clearly; evidently; obviously
- to think (about); to think of; to devise; to think (that); to believe (that); to desire; to want (to); to miss (feel wistful about the absence of)
- to adopt or carry out (measures, policies, course of action); to take
- to compromise; to take the middle road; a trade-off; eclectic
- it is a pity; what a pity; unfortunately
- not to overlook, nor spare (idiom); unwilling to forgive; to treat severely without listening to excuses
- public; collectively owned; common; international (e.g. high seas, metric system, calendar); make public; fair; just; Duke, highest of five orders of nobility 五等爵位[wu3 deng3 jue2 wei4]; honorable (gentlemen); father-in-law; male (animal)
- especially
- 处 chù: 处 chu4: (bound form) place; locality; (bound form) part; aspect; (bound form) office; department; bureau; classifier for locations: spot, point处 chǔ: 处 chu3: to reside; to live; to dwell; to be in; to be situated at; to stay; to get along with; to be in a position of; to deal with; to discipline; to punish
- from within; therefrom
- to fix; to set; to make definite; to subscribe to (a newspaper etc); to book (tickets etc); to order (goods etc); to congeal; to coagulate; (literary) definitely
- to decide; to determine; to execute (sb); (of a dam etc) to breach or burst; definitely; certainly
- never; will never
- 教 jiāo: 教 jiao1: to teach; to instruct教 Jiào: 教 Jiao4: surname Jiao教 jiào: 教 jiao4: (bound form) to teach; to instruct; a religion; to cause (sb to do sth); to tell (sb to do sth)
- coffin
- 戮 lù: 戮 lu4: to peel with a knife戮 lù: 戮 lu4: (bound form) to kill
- 尸 shī: 尸 shi1: (literary) person representing the deceased (during burial ceremonies); (literary) to put a corpse on display (after execution)尸 shī: 尸 shi1: (bound form) corpse
- 启 qǐ: 启 qi3: to open; to start; to initiate; to enlighten or awaken; to state; to inform启 Qǐ: 启 Qi3: Qi son of Yu the Great 禹[Yu3], reported founder of the Xia Dynasty 夏朝[Xia4 Chao2] (c. 2070-c. 1600 BC)
- (bound form) refined; elegant; graceful; beautiful; (bound form) superior; excellent; (loanword) show; (literary) to grow; to bloom; (of grain crops) to produce ears
- tree name (variously Paulownia, Firmiana or Aleurites)
- 子 zi: 子 zi5: noun suffix, as in 椅子[yi3 zi5] "chair"子 zǐ: 子 zi3: son; child; seed; egg; small thing; 1st earthly branch: 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight, 11th solar month (7th December to 5th January), year of the rat; viscount, fourth of five orders of nobility 五等爵位[wu3 deng3 jue2 wei4]; ancient Chinese compass point: 0° (north); subsidiary; subordinate; (prefix) sub-
- to execute (a condemned criminal)
- apart from; besides; in addition to (used to exclude, as in 除了他，誰也沒來|除了他，谁也没来[chu2 le5 ta1 , shei2 ye3 mei2 lai2] "apart from him, nobody came", or to include, as in 除了英語，他也會法語|除了英语，他也会法语[chu2 le5 Ying1 yu3 , ta1 ye3 hui4 Fa3 yu3] "in addition to English, he also knows French"); (used to introduce one of two habitual alternatives in the pattern 除了[chu2 le5] + A + 就是[jiu4 shi4] + B, "either A or B")
- to receive (praise, an education, punishment etc); to be ...ed (praised, educated, punished etc)
- to penalize; to punish
- for a moment; momentarily
- whole nation; nationwide; countrywide; national
- officialdom; bureaucracy
- weather; unstable situation
- (intransitive) to change; to vary; change; variation
- violent; acute; severe; fierce
- however; but; yet
- the West; the Occident; Western countries
- to agree to and sign (a treaty etc)
- treaty; pact; CL:個|个[ge4]
- to exile; to banish; to deport; to float (logs) downstream
- to diminish; to subside; to consume; to reduce; to idle away (the time); (after 不[bu4] or 只[zhi3] or 何[he2] etc) to need; to require; to take