- county
- 中 zhòng: 中 zhong4: to hit (a target); to be struck by (a bullet, illness etc); to win (a prize or lottery)中 zhōng: 中 zhong1: within; among; in; middle; center; while (doing sth); during; (dialect) OK; all right中 Zhōng: 中 Zhong1: (bound form) China; Chinese; surname Zhong
- long-established; time-honored
- inside information; concrete details
- deep; profound
- in former times; the olden days
- 曾 céng: 曾 ceng2: once; already; ever (in the past); former; previously; (past tense marker used before verb or clause)曾 Zēng: 曾 Zeng1: surname Zeng曾 zēng: 曾 zeng1: great- (grandfather, grandchild etc)
- 以 yǐ: 以 yi3: to use; by means of; according to; in order to; because of; at (a certain date or place)以 Yǐ: 以 Yi3: abbr. for Israel 以色列[Yi3 se4 lie4]
- common people
- 平和 píng hé: 平和 ping2 he2: gentle; mild; moderate; placid平和 Píng hé: 平和 Ping2 he2: see 平和縣|平和县[Ping2 he2 Xian4]
- happy; carefree
- to be called; to be known as; to call it "..."
- 平 píng: 平 ping2: flat; level; equal; to tie (make the same score); to draw (score); calm; peaceful; abbr. for 平聲|平声[ping2 sheng1]平 Píng: 平 Ping2: surname Ping
- 舒 shū: 舒 shu1: to stretch; to unfold; to relax; leisurely舒 Shū: 舒 Shu1: surname Shu
- since (a time); ever since
- Five Dynasties, period of history between the fall of the Tang dynasty (907) and the founding of the Song dynasty (960), when five would-be dynasties were established in quick succession in North China
- period; phase; CL:個|个[ge4]
- to change into
- since (used after a specified time or event)
- history; CL:門|门[men2],段[duan4]
- 上 shǎng: 上 shang3: used in 上聲|上声[shang3 sheng1]上 shàng: 上 shang4: (bound form) up; upper; above; previous; first (of multiple parts); to climb; to get onto; to go up; to attend (class or university); (directional complement) up; (noun suffix) on; above
- although; even though
- 个 gě: 个 ge3: used in 自個兒|自个儿[zi4 ge3 r5]个 gè: 个 ge4: (classifier used before a noun that has no specific classifier); (bound form) individual
- small; tiny; few; young
- but; yet; however; while; to go back; to decline; to retreat; nevertheless; even though
- to go out; to come out; to arise; to occur; to produce; to yield; to go beyond; to exceed; (used after a verb to indicate an outward direction or a positive result); classifier for dramas, plays, operas etc
- 了 liǎo: 了 liao3: to finish; (used with 得[de2] or 不[bu4] after a verb to express (im)possibility, as in 忘不了[wang4 bu5 liao3] "cannot forget"); (literary) (usually followed by a negative such as 無|无[wu2] or 不[bu4]) completely (not); entirely (not); (not) in the least了 le: 了 le5: (completed action marker); (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now); (modal particle intensifying preceding clause)了 liǎo: 了 liao3: (of eyes) bright; clear-sighted; to understand clearly
- many; quite a few; a good number of
- person; personage; figure (esp. sb of importance); character (in a play, novel etc); (genre of traditional Chinese painting) figure painting
- so far; to this day; until now
- 为 wéi: 为 wei2: as (in the capacity of); to take sth as; to act as; to serve as; to behave as; to become; to be; to do; by (in the passive voice)为 wèi: 为 wei4: because of; for; to
- person; people; CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4],名[ming2]
- to discuss sth enthusiastically
- for example; for instance; such as
- the Ming dynasty (1368-1644)
- reign name of Ming emperor (1573-1619)
- in the years of; during those years; period (of dynasty or decade)
- Liaodong peninsula between Bohai 渤海 and Yellow sea; east and south of Liaoning province; east of Liao river 遼河|辽河
- inspector-general of province in Ming and Qing times
- 李 Lǐ: 李 Li3: surname Li李 lǐ: 李 li3: plum
- 松 sōng: 松 song1: pine; CL:棵[ke1]松 Sōng: 松 Song1: surname Song松 sōng: 松 song1: loose; to loosen; to relax; floss (dry, fluffy food product made from shredded, seasoned meat or fish, used as a topping or filling)
- 陈 chén: 陈 chen2: (bound form) to lay out; to exhibit; to display; (bound form) to narrate; to state; to explain; to tell; old; stale陈 Chén: 陈 Chen2: surname Chen; Chen (c. 1045 – 479 BC), a Zhou dynasty state; Chen (557–589), one of the Southern Dynasties 南朝[Nan2 Chao2]
- village; (dialect) to scold; rustic; boorish
- (third-person singular) (since the early 20th century, usu. male) he; him; his; (bound form) other; another; some other (as in 他日[ta1 ri4] and 他人[ta1 ren2])
- 与 yù: 与 yu4: to take part in与 yǔ: 与 yu3: (formal) and; together with (linking parallel nouns, verbs, or phrases); (formal) with; from (marking the other participant in an interaction, comparison, or contrast, e.g. 與他握手|与他握手[yu3 ta1 wo4 shou3] "shake hands with him", 與去年不同|与去年不同[yu3 qu4 nian2 bu4 tong2] "different from last year"); (literary) to give; to grant; to bestow
- (in) the same place; together; in company (with); altogether; in total; an instance of; a case of (murder, accident, dispute etc)