- and; as well as; and so; but (not); yet (not); (indicates causal relation); (indicates change of state); (indicates contrast)
- to rule; to govern; to manage; to control; to harness (a river); to treat (a disease); to wipe out (a pest); to punish; to research
- 书 shū: 书 shu1: book; letter; document; CL:本[ben3],冊|册[ce4],部[bu4]; to write书 Shū: 书 Shu1: abbr. for 書經|书经[Shu1 jing1]
- (literary) (conjunction used to express contrast with a previous clause) but; then; (bound form) standard; norm; (bound form) principle; (literary) to imitate; to follow; classifier for written items
- 惠 hùi: 惠 hui4: (bound form) act of kindness (from a superior); (honorific prefix) kind (as in 惠顧|惠顾[hui4 gu4])惠 Hùi: 惠 Hui4: surname Hui
- the common people; the great unwashed
- 怀 Huái: 怀 Huai2: surname Huai怀 huái: 怀 huai2: bosom; heart; mind; to think of; to harbor in one's mind; to conceive (a child)
- (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的[de5]); him; her; it
- 盖 Gě: 盖 Ge3: surname Ge盖 gài: 盖 gai4: lid; top; cover; canopy; to cover; to conceal; to build
- to lift; to hold up; to cite; to enumerate; to act; to raise; to choose; to elect; act; move; deed
- good (virtuous); benevolent; well-disposed; good at sth; to improve or perfect
- 以 yǐ: 以 yi3: to use; by means of; according to; in order to; because of; at (a certain date or place)以 Yǐ: 以 Yi3: abbr. for Israel 以色列[Yi3 se4 lie4]
- cannot; must not; should not
- (after a verb or adjective) one who (is) ...; (after a noun) person involved in ...; -er; -ist; (used after a number or 後|后[hou4] or 前[qian2] to refer to sth mentioned previously); (used after a term, to mark a pause before defining the term); (old) (used at the end of a command); (old) this
- to advise; to urge; to try to persuade; to exhort; to console; to soothe
- now; the present time; current; contemporary; this (day, year etc)
- 与 yǔ: 与 yu3: (formal) and; together with (linking parallel nouns, verbs, or phrases); (formal) with; from (marking the other participant in an interaction, comparison, or contrast, e.g. 與他握手|与他握手[yu3 ta1 wo4 shou3] "shake hands with him", 與去年不同|与去年不同[yu3 qu4 nian2 bu4 tong2] "different from last year"); (literary) to give; to grant; to bestow与 yù: 与 yu4: to take part in
- 诸 Zhū: 诸 Zhu1: surname Zhu诸 zhū: 诸 zhu1: all; various
- scholar; Confucian
- common; general; to share; together; total; altogether; abbr. for 共產黨|共产党[Gong4 chan3 dang3], Communist party
- 论 Lún: 论 Lun2: abbr. for 論語|论语[Lun2 yu3], The Analects (of Confucius)论 lùn: 论 lun4: opinion; view; theory; doctrine; to discuss; to talk about; to regard; to consider; per; by the (kilometer, hour etc)
- to make visible; to reveal; prominent; conspicuous; (prefix) phanero-
- 于 yú: 于 yu2: to go; to take; sentence-final interrogative particle于 Yú: 于 Yu2: surname Yu于 yú: 于 yu2: (of time or place) in; at; on; (indicating any indirect relation) to; toward; vis-à-vis; with regard to; for; (indicating a source) from; out of; (used in comparison) than; (used in the passive voice) by
- 朝 Cháo: 朝 Chao2: abbr. for 朝鮮|朝鲜[Chao2 xian3] Korea朝 cháo: 朝 chao2: imperial or royal court; government; dynasty; reign of a sovereign or emperor; court or assembly held by a sovereign or emperor; to make a pilgrimage to; facing; towards朝 zhāo: 朝 zhao1: morning
- owner; master; host; individual or party concerned; God; Lord; main; to indicate or signify; trump card (in card games)
- a book; a register; account-book
- 读 dòu: 读 dou4: comma; phrase marked by pause读 dú: 读 du2: to read out; to read aloud; to read; to attend (school); to study (a subject in school); to pronounce
- a household; door; family
- minor government official or functionary (old)
- to draw (e.g. a bow); to pull; to stretch sth; to extend; to lengthen; to involve or implicate in; to attract; to lead; to guide; to leave; to provide evidence or justification for; old unit of distance equal to 10 丈[zhang4], one-thirtieth of a km or 33.33 meters
- to receive; to accept; to suffer; subjected to; to bear; to stand; pleasant; (passive marker); (LGBT) bottom
- (bound form) to confer; to bestow; to grant; (literary) gift; favor; Taiwan pr. [si4]
- front; forward; ahead; first; top (followed by a number); future; ago; before; BC (e.g. 前293年); former; formerly
- to kneel
- 司 sī: 司 si1: to take charge of; to manage; department (under a ministry)司 Sī: 司 Si1: surname Si
- 正 zhēng: 正 zheng1: first month of the lunar year正 zhèng: 正 zheng4: straight; upright; proper; main; principal; to correct; to rectify; exactly; just (at that time); right (in that place); (math.) positive
- big; cup made of horn; horn wine container
- guilt; crime; fault; blame; sin
- day; sky; heaven
- 明 Míng: 明 Ming2: Ming Dynasty (1368–1644); surname Ming; Ming (c. 2000 BC), fourth of the legendary Flame Emperors, 炎帝[Yan2 di4] descended from Shennong 神農|神农[Shen2 nong2] Farmer God明 míng: 明 ming2: bright; opposite: dark 暗[an4]; (of meaning) clear; to understand; next; public or open; wise; generic term for a sacrifice to the gods
- to have; there is; (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意[you3 yi4] intentional)
- words; speech; to say; to talk
- mistake; error; to miss; to harm; to delay; to neglect; mistakenly
- cannot; should not; must not
- 覆 fù: 覆 fu4: to reply to a letter覆 fù: 覆 fu4: to cover; to overflow; to overturn; to capsize
- to cover up; to conceal; to close (a door, book etc); (coll.) to get (one's fingers etc) caught when closing a door or lid; (literary) to launch a surprise attack
- to press; to push; to leave aside or shelve; to control; to restrain; to keep one's hand on; to check or refer to; according to; in the light of; (of an editor or author) to make a comment
- resources; capital; to provide; to supply; to support; money; expense