- nature; character; property; quality; attribute; sexuality; sex; gender; suffix forming adjective from verb; suffix forming noun from adjective, corresponding to -ness or -ity; essence; CL:個|个[ge4]
- to have a voracious desire for; to covet; greedy; corrupt
- demonic; iniquitous; nefarious; evil; unhealthy influences that cause disease (Chinese medicine); (coll.) strange; abnormal
- clique
- 构 gòu: 构 gou4: to reach by stretching构 gòu: 构 gou4: to construct; to form; to make up; to compose; literary composition; paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera)
- 奸 jiān: 奸 jian1: wicked; crafty; traitor奸 jiān: 奸 jian1: to fornicate; to defile; adultery; rape
- to deceive; there is none
- 上 shǎng: 上 shang3: used in 上聲|上声[shang3 sheng1]上 shàng: 上 shang4: (bound form) up; upper; above; previous; first (of multiple parts); to climb; to get onto; to go up; to attend (class or university); (directional complement) up; (noun suffix) on; above
- to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm; evil; calamity
- 民 Mín: 民 Min2: surname Min民 mín: 民 min2: (bound form) the people; inhabitants of a country
- place; location; (after a noun) place where it is located
- emptiness; void; abstract theory or guiding principles; empty or unoccupied; diffident or timid; false; humble or modest; (of health) weak; virtual; in vain
- no; not so; (bound form) not; un-
- to blame; (bound form) resentment; hatred; grudge
- evil thought
- common people
- bitter; hardship; pain; to suffer; to bring suffering to; painstakingly
- 恶 wù: 恶 wu4: to hate; to loathe; ashamed; to fear; to slander恶 ě: 恶 e3: used in 惡心|恶心[e3 xin1]恶 è: 恶 e4: evil; fierce; vicious; ugly; coarse; to harm
- trusted aide
- 莫 Mò: 莫 Mo4: surname Mo莫 mò: 莫 mo4: do not; there is none who
- to strive for; to vie for; to argue or debate; deficient or lacking (dialect); how or what (literary)
- this; these
- already; since; both... (and...)
- 无 wú: 无 wu2: not to have; no; none; not; to lack; un-; -less无 mó: 无 mo2: used in 南無|南无[na1 mo2]
- (once) again; also; both... and...; and yet; (used for emphasis) anyway
- 复 fù: 复 fu4: to go and return; to return; to resume; to return to a normal or original state; to repeat; again; to recover; to restore; to turn over; to reply; to answer; to reply to a letter; to retaliate; to carry out复 fù: 复 fu4: to repeat; to double; to overlap; complex (not simple); compound; composite; double; diplo-; duplicate; overlapping; to duplicate复 fù: 复 fu4: to reply to a letter
- 臣 chén: 臣 chen2: state official or subject in dynastic China; I, your servant (used in addressing the sovereign); Kangxi radical 131臣 Chén: 臣 Chen2: surname Chen
- a ruler and his ministers (old)
- (literary) all; both; entirely; without exception; (literary) to be together; (literary) to be alike
- 丧 sàng: 丧 sang4: to lose sth abstract but important (courage, authority, one's life etc); to be bereaved of (one's spouse etc); to die; disappointed; discouraged丧 sāng: 丧 sang1: mourning; funeral; (old) corpse
- to lean; to slant; oblique; prejudiced; to deviate from average; to stray from the intended line; stubbornly; contrary to expectations
- although; even though
- in danger of collapse; in a parlous state; (of person) treacherous
- official in feudal court; subject
- to help; to assist
- unlikely to go so far as to; not as bad as
- to die; to lose; to be gone; to flee; deceased
- to dare; daring; (polite) may I venture
- to bow again; to bow twice (gesture of respect in former times); (in letters, an expression of respect)
- to offer (tribute); to present respectfully (to superior, ancestor, deity etc); to esteem; to revere; to believe in (a religion); to wait upon; to accept orders (from superior)
- excessive; undue; to exceed; to be more than; very; extremely; (dialect) what; whatever (Taiwan pr. [shen2])
- ashamed
- to annotate; to add a comment; explanatory note; annotation
- Eastern or later Han dynasty, 25-220
- see 臨湘市|临湘市[Lin2 xiang1 Shi4]
- see 湖南省[Hu2 nan2 Sheng3]