- name; noun (part of speech); place (e.g. among winners); famous; classifier for people
- 樊 fán: 樊 fan2: (literary) fence樊 Fán: 樊 Fan2: surname Fan
- self; oneself; sixth of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干[shi2 tian1 gan1]; sixth in order; letter "F" or Roman "VI" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc; hexa
- family name; surname; to be surnamed ...
- 封 Fēng: 封 Feng1: surname Feng封 fēng: 封 feng1: to confer; to grant; to bestow a title; to seal; classifier for sealed objects, esp. letters
- 卫 Wèi: 卫 Wei4: surname Wei; vassal state during the Zhou Dynasty (1066–221 BC), located in present-day Henan and Hebei Provinces卫 wèi: 卫 wei4: to guard; to protect; to defend; abbr. for 衛生|卫生, hygiene; health; abbr. for 衛生間|卫生间, toilet
- next; later; after that
- to move; to shift; to change (a position or location etc); to promote
- old; opposite: new 新; former; worn (with age)
- 许 Xǔ: 许 Xu3: surname Xu许 xǔ: 许 xu3: to allow; to permit; to promise; to praise; somewhat; perhaps
- 皇 huáng: 皇 huang2: emperor皇 Huáng: 皇 Huang2: surname Huang
- 祖 zǔ: 祖 zu3: ancestor; forefather; grandparents祖 Zǔ: 祖 Zu3: surname Zu
- father's elder brother; term of respect for older man; CL:個|个[ge4]
- residence; (coll.) to stay in at home; to hang around at home
- Shang Tang (1646-? BC), legendary founder of the Shang Dynasty
- to extinguish or put out; to go out (of a fire etc); to exterminate or wipe out; to drown
- once more; once again
- to follow; to continue
- undertaking; project; activity; (charitable, political or revolutionary) cause; publicly funded institution, enterprise or foundation; career; occupation; CL:個|个[ge4]
- 商 Shāng: 商 Shang1: Shang Dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC); surname Shang商 shāng: 商 shang1: commerce; merchant; dealer; to consult; 2nd note in pentatonic scale; quotient (as in 智商[zhi4 shang1], intelligence quotient)
- surname Jian
- Peng Zu (legendary figure of Taoism who lived 800 years)
- city walls; city; town; CL:座[zuo4],道[dao4],個|个[ge4]
- 别 Bié: 别 Bie2: surname Bie别 bié: 别 bie2: to leave; to part (from); (literary) to differentiate; to distinguish; (dialect) to turn away; to turn aside; to avert (one's face, gaze etc); (bound form) other; another; different; don't ...!; to fasten with a pin or clip; to stick in; to insert (in order to hinder movement); (noun suffix) category (as in 性別|性别[xing4 bie2], 派別|派别[pai4 bie2])别 biè: 别 bie4: to make sb change their ways, opinions etc
- two; 2; (Beijing dialect) stupid
- in succession; following closely
- 姜 Jiāng: 姜 Jiang1: surname Jiang姜 jiāng: 姜 jiang1: ginger
- 吕 Lǚ: 吕 Lu:3: surname Lü吕 lǚ: 吕 lu:3: pitchpipe, pitch standard, one of the twelve semitones in the traditional tone system
- small; tiny; few; young
- 白 bái: 白 bai2: white; snowy; pure; bright; empty; blank; plain; clear; to make clear; in vain; gratuitous; free of charge; reactionary; anti-communist; funeral; to stare coldly; to write wrong character; to state; to explain; vernacular; spoken lines in opera白 Bái: 白 Bai2: surname Bai; Bai ethnic group
- Qi state of Western Zhou and the Warring states (1122-265 BC), centered in Shandong
- to be on the throne; to reign; to hold a particular leadership position
- nine; 9
- 合 hé: 合 he2: to close; to join; to fit; to be equal to; whole; together; round (in battle); conjunction (astronomy); 1st note of pentatonic scale合 gě: 合 ge3: 100 ml; one-tenth of a peck; measure for dry grain equal to one-tenth of sheng 升 or liter, or one-hundredth dou 斗
- The Analects of Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3]
- statute; constitution
- to ask; to inquire
- period of time; time; time period; period; CL:個|个[ge4]
- many times; repeatedly
- to convene; to call together
- meetings conducted by rulers in feudal China for the purpose of formalizing alliances, finalizing treaties
- to become; to turn into
- 当时 dāng shí: 当时 dang1 shi2: then; at that time当时 dàng shí: 当时 dang4 shi2: immediately; right then
- reality; practice; practical; realistic; real; actual
- politics; political