- shorthand
- ruling class; leaders (of society); oligarchy
- to assign; to appoint; assignment
- to become rigid
- sign; indication; mark; indicator
- (idiom) to degenerate (morally); to become depraved
- professionalization
- lawful; legitimate; legal
- prerogative; privilege; privileged
- to eliminate; to do away with; to get rid of
- to import; to input
- the body; organism (usually human); (fig.) fabric (of society etc); cohesive structure (of an entity)
- to defend; to safeguard; to protect; to uphold; to maintain
- the vast majority
- to oppose each other with equal harshness (idiom); tit for tat; measure for measure
- (of an area) vast or extensive; large-scale; widespread; (of people) numerous
- basic level; grassroots unit; basement layer
- numerous
- supporter
- an unjust cause finds little support (idiom, from Mencius); cf 得道多助[de2 dao4 duo1 zhu4] a just cause attracts much support
- (idiom) to have only oneself to blame; to bring trouble through one's own actions
- to wallow in the mire with sb (idiom); to follow the bad example of others
- indecisive; wavering
- (idiom) to fight side by side; (by extension) to join forces
- robust; sound
- to destroy; to smash
- to summon one's (courage, faith etc); to puff up (one's cheeks etc); to bulge; to swell out
- to step forward bravely
- to pass on (stories); to relate
- 当头 dàng tou: 当头 dang4 tou5: (coll.) pledge; surety当头 dāng tóu: 当头 dang1 tou2: coming right into one's face; imminent; to put first
- poison; to poison; poisonous; malicious; cruel; fierce; narcotics
- to hear (news); to listen to
- tender
- willow twig; osier; wicker
- robust; sturdy
- to dig for thoughts (idiom); to search everything for an answer; to rack one's brains
- to express; to articulate; to formulate