- to come up with (an innovation); innovation
- 以 Yǐ: 以 Yi3: abbr. for Israel 以色列[Yi3 se4 lie4]以 yǐ: 以 yi3: to use; by means of; according to; in order to; because of; at (a certain date or place)
- texture; grain (of wood); inner essence; intrinsic order; reason; logic; truth; science; natural science (esp. physics); to manage; to pay attention to; to run (affairs); to handle; to put in order; to tidy up
- 致 zhì: 致 zhi4: (bound form) fine; delicate; exquisite致 zhì: 致 zhi4: (literary) to send; to transmit; to convey; (bound form) to cause; to lead to; consequently
- 三 Sān: 三 San1: surname San三 sān: 三 san1: three; 3
- 大 dà: 大 da4: big; large; great; older (than another person); eldest (as in 大姐[da4 jie3]); greatly; freely; fully; (dialect) father; (dialect) uncle (father's brother)大 dài: 大 dai4: see 大夫[dai4 fu5]
- proposition (logic, math.); to assign an essay topic
- core; nucleus
- to learn; to study; to imitate; science; -ology
- letter; mail; CL:封[feng1]; to trust; to believe; to profess faith in; truthful; confidence; trust; at will; at random
- prime minister (in feudal China)
- and; to reach; up to; in time for
- pawn (i.e. foot soldier); servant; lackey (of malefactor)
- to spread; to circulate; to hand down
- fast; rapid; quick; velocity
- to extend; to spread
- 广 yǎn: 广 yan3: "house on a cliff" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 53), occurring in 店, 序, 底 etc广 Guǎng: 广 Guang3: surname Guang广 guǎng: 广 guang3: wide; numerous; to spread
- not just; not limited to; (as a correlative conjunction) not only (..., but also ...)
- to have; there is; (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意[you3 yi4] intentional)
- 明 Míng: 明 Ming2: Ming Dynasty (1368–1644); surname Ming; Ming (c. 2000 BC), fourth of the legendary Flame Emperors, 炎帝[Yan2 di4] descended from Shennong 神農|神农[Shen2 nong2] Farmer God明 míng: 明 ming2: bright; opposite: dark 暗[an4]; (of meaning) clear; to understand; next; public or open; wise; generic term for a sacrifice to the gods
- unmanned; uninhabited
- 能 Néng: 能 Neng2: surname Neng能 néng: 能 neng2: can; to be able to; might possibly; ability; (physics) energy
- 匹 pǐ: 匹 pi3: (bound form) matching; comparable to; (bound form) alone; single; one of a pair; classifier for horses, mules etc (Taiwan pr. [pi1]); classifier for cloth: bolt; horsepower匹 pǐ: 匹 pi3: classifier for cloth: bolt
- to survey comprehensively; an overall survey
- at all times and in all places (idiom)
- also
- disciple; follower
- 中 zhōng: 中 zhong1: within; among; in; middle; center; while (doing sth); during; (dialect) OK; all right中 zhòng: 中 zhong4: to hit (a target); to be struck by (a bullet, illness etc); to win (a prize or lottery)中 Zhōng: 中 Zhong1: (bound form) China; Chinese; surname Zhong
- high position; eminent status; top job; raised position; upper (limbs); a high (i.e. local maximum); high point on scale, high grade, temperature, latitude etc
- lit. their number cannot be counted (idiom); fig. countless; innumerable
- to bow to; to pay one's respects; (bound form) to extend greetings (on a specific occasion); to make a courtesy call; (bound form) (of a monarch) to appoint sb to (a position) by performing a ceremony; to acknowledge sb as one's (master, godfather etc); (used before some verbs to indicate politeness)
- 相 Xiāng: 相 Xiang1: surname Xiang相 xiāng: 相 xiang1: each other; one another; mutually; fret on the neck of a pipa 琵琶[pi2 pa5] (a fret on the soundboard is called a 品[pin3])相 xiàng: 相 xiang4: appearance; portrait; picture; government minister; (physics) phase; (literary) to appraise (esp. by scrutinizing physical features); to read sb's fortune (by physiognomy, palmistry etc)
- 徐 Xú: 徐 Xu2: surname Xu徐 xú: 徐 xu2: slowly; gently
- rank or step; stairs
- Zhang Juzheng (1525-1582), Grand Secretary during the Ming dynasty, credited with bringing the dynasty to its apogee
- each; respective; apiece
- domain; sphere; field; territory; area
- most outstanding; par excellence
- even more (so)
- as; as if; such as
- Tang Xianzu (1550-1616), Ming poet and dramatist, author of The Peony Pavilion 牡丹亭[Mu3 dan5 Ting2]