Vocabulary: 第3章 论罗马帝国崩溃后城市的兴起和发展
from 国富论
- 公共x1 | Chapter Rank #271public; common; communal
- 土地x4 | Chapter Rank #72land; soil; territory; CL:片[pian4],塊|块[kuai4]local god; genius loci
- 彼此x3 | Chapter Rank #98each other; one another
- 相邻x1 | Chapter Rank #272neighbor; adjacent
- 修建x1 | Chapter Rank #273to build; to construct
- 房屋x1 | Chapter Rank #274house; building; CL:所[suo3],套[tao4]
- 并x6 | Chapter Rank #42and; furthermore; also; together with; (not) at all; simultaneously; to combine; to join; to mergeto combine; to amalgamateshort name for Taiyuan 太原[Tai4 yuan2]
- 环x1 | Chapter Rank #275ring; hoop; loop; (chain) link; classifier for scores in archery etc; to surround; to encircle; to hem insurname Huan
- 以x2 | Chapter Rank #149abbr. for Israel 以色列[Yi3 se4 lie4]to use; by means of; according to; in order to; because of; at (a certain date or place)
- 围墙x1 | Chapter Rank #276perimeter wall; fence; CL:道[dao4]
- 共同x5 | Chapter Rank #53common; joint; jointly; together; collaborative
- 御敌x1 | Chapter Rank #277armed enemy of the nation; enemy of the Emperor; fig. championship challenger; contender opposing champion in sporting contest
- 但是x2 | Chapter Rank #150but; however
- 在x30 | Chapter Rank #2to exist; to be alive; (of sb or sth) to be (located) at; (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress)
- 衰落x2 | Chapter Rank #151to fall; to drop; to decline; to deteriorate; to go downhill
- 之后x2 | Chapter Rank #152after; behind; (at the beginning of a sentence) afterwards; since then
- 们x5 | Chapter Rank #54plural marker for pronouns, and nouns referring to individuals
- 便x4 | Chapter Rank #73plain; informal; suitable; convenient; opportune; to urinate or defecate; equivalent to 就[jiu4]: then; in that case; even if; soon afterwardsused in 便宜[pian2 yi5]; used in 便便[pian2 pian2]; used in 便嬛[pian2 xuan1]
- 与x8 | Chapter Rank #27(formal) and; together with (linking parallel nouns, verbs, or phrases); (formal) with; from (marking the other participant in an interaction, comparison, or contrast, e.g. 與他握手|与他握手[yu3 ta1 wo4 shou3] "shake hands with him", 與去年不同|与去年不同[yu3 qu4 nian2 bu4 tong2] "different from last year"); (literary) to give; to grant; to bestowto take part in
- 自己的x11 | Chapter Rank #18
- 佃农x3 | Chapter Rank #99tenant farmer; sharecropper
- 依附x1 | Chapter Rank #278to adhere; to attach oneself to; to append
- 者x3 | Chapter Rank #100(after a verb or adjective) one who (is) ...; (after a noun) person involved in ...; -er; -ist; (used after a number or 後|后[hou4] or 前[qian2] to refer to sth mentioned previously); (used after a term, to mark a pause before defining the term); (old) (used at the end of a command); (old) this
- 住x1 | Chapter Rank #279to live; to reside; to stay; to stop; to cease; (result complement indicating firmness or a stable achieved state)
- 各自x1 | Chapter Rank #280each; respective; apiece
- 领地x1 | Chapter Rank #281territory; domain; estate; (old) fief
- 城堡x1 | Chapter Rank #282castle; rook (chess piece)
- 里x3 | Chapter Rank #101lining; interior; inside; internal; also written 裏|里[li3]Li (surname)li, ancient measure of length, approx. 500 m; neighborhood; ancient administrative unit of 25 families; (Tw) borough, administrative unit between the township 鎮|镇[zhen4] and neighborhood 鄰|邻[lin2] levels
- 成员x1 | Chapter Rank #283member
- 变成x2 | Chapter Rank #153to change into; to turn into; to become
- 技工x2 | Chapter Rank #154skilled worker
- 特许状x1 | Chapter Rank #284charter
- 颁布x1 | Chapter Rank #285to issue; to proclaim; to enact (laws, decrees etc)
- 赋予x2 | Chapter Rank #155to assign; to entrust (a task); to give; to bestow
- 某些x3 | Chapter Rank #102some; certain (things)
- 特权x5 | Chapter Rank #55prerogative; privilege; privileged
- 无须x1 | Chapter Rank #286need not; not obliged to; not necessarily
- 领主x17 | Chapter Rank #9feudal lord; suzerain; overlord
- 允许x2 | Chapter Rank #156to permit; to allow
- 就x7 | Chapter Rank #32(after a suppositional clause) in that case; then; (after a clause of action) as soon as; immediately after; (same as 就是[jiu4 shi4]) merely; nothing else but; simply; just; precisely; exactly; only; as little as; as much as; as many as; to approach; to move towards; to undertake; to engage in; (often followed by 著|着[zhe5]) taking advantage of; (of food) to go with; with regard to; concerning; (bound form) to reach; to attain (as in 一蹴而就[yi1 cu4 er2 jiu4]); (pattern: 就[jiu4] ... 也[ye3] ...) even if ... still ...; (pattern: 不[bu4] ... 就[jiu4] ...) if not ... then must be ...
- 可以x10 | Chapter Rank #23can; may; possible; able to; not bad; pretty good
- 嫁女x1 | Chapter Rank #287to marry off a daughter
- 自己x3 | Chapter Rank #103oneself; (attributive) one's own
- 死x1 | Chapter Rank #288to die; impassable; uncrossable; inflexible; rigid; extremely; damned
- 子女x2 | Chapter Rank #157children; sons and daughters
- 而x8 | Chapter Rank #28and; as well as; and so; but (not); yet (not); (indicates causal relation); (indicates change of state); (indicates contrast)
- 不是x1 | Chapter Rank #289no; is not; notfault; blame
- 继承x1 | Chapter Rank #290to inherit; to succeed to (the throne etc); to carry on (a tradition etc)
- 财物x1 | Chapter Rank #291property; belongings
- 订立x1 | Chapter Rank #292to conclude (treaty, contract, agreement etc); to set up (a rule etc)